From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/buttons.html | 110 +++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/content.html | 181 +++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/index.html | 29 ++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/media.html | 21 +++ 4 files changed, 341 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/buttons.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/content.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/index.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/media.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d95c9af --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_2_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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+ + 2.2 + WAN Technologies 
  + 2.2.2 + ISDN +  
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+ + The internal connections, or trunks, of + the PSTN have changed from carrying analog frequency-division + multiplexed signals, to time-division multiplexed (TDM) digital + signals. An obvious next step + is to enable the local loop to carry digital signals that result in + higher capacity switched connections. +

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) turns the local loop into a + TDM digital connection. The connection uses 64 kbps bearer channels + (B) for carrying voice or data and a signaling, delta channel (D) for + call set-up and other purposes. +

Basic Rate Interface (BRI) ISDN is intended for the home and small + enterprise and provides two 64 kbps B channels and a 16 kbps D + channel. For larger installations, Primary Rate Interface (PRI) ISDN + is available. PRI delivers twenty-three 64 kbps B channels and one 64 + kbps D + channel in North America, for a total bit rate of up to 1.544 Mbps. + This includes some additional overhead for synchronization. In Europe, + Australia, and other parts of the world, ISDN PRI provides thirty B + channels and one D channel for a total bit rate of up to 2.048 Mbps, + including synchronization overhead. + In North + America PRI corresponds to a T1 connection. The rate of international + PRI corresponds to an E1 connection.

The BRI D channel is + underutilized, as it has only two B channels to control. Some + providers allow the D channel to carry data at low bit rates such as + X.25 connections at 9.6 kbps.

For small WANs, the BRI ISDN can provide an ideal connection + mechanism. BRI has a call setup time that is less than a second, and + its 64 kbps B channel provide greater capacity than an analog modem + link. + If greater capacity is required, a second + B channel can be + activated to provide a total of 128 kbps. Although inadequate for video, this + would permit several simultaneous voice conversations in addition to + data traffic.

Another common application of ISDN is to provide additional capacity + as needed on a leased line connection. The leased line is sized to + carry average traffic loads while ISDN is added during peak demand + periods. ISDN is also used as a backup in the case of a failure of the + leased line. ISDN tariffs are based on a per-B channel basis and are + similar to those of analog voice connections.

With PRI ISDN, multiple B channels can be connected between two end + points. This allows for video conferencing and high bandwidth data + connections with no latency or jitter. Multiple connections can become + very expensive over long distances.

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+ + + Interactive Media Activity

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Checkbox: WAN Technologies ISDN Dialup

+

Upon completing this activity, the student + will be able to identify the characteristics associated with an + ISDN dialup circuit.

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+ + Web Links

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Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/isdn.htm

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