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+ + 2.2 + WAN Technologies 
  + 2.2.6 + ATM 
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+ Communications providers saw a need for a permanent shared + network technology that offered very low latency and jitter at much + higher bandwidths. Their solution + was Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). ATM has data rates beyond 155 + Mbps. As with the other shared technologies, such as X.25 and Frame + Relay, diagrams for ATM WANs look the same. 

+ ATM is a technology that is capable of + transferring voice, video, and data through private and public + networks. It is built on a cell-based architecture rather than on a + frame-based architecture. ATM cells are always a fixed length of 53 + bytes. The 53 byte ATM cell contains a 5 byte ATM header followed by + 48 bytes of ATM payload. Small, fixed-length cells are well suited for + carrying voice and video traffic because this traffic is intolerant of + delay. Video and voice traffic do not have to wait for a larger data + packet to be transmitted.

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+ The 53 byte ATM cell is less efficient + than the bigger frames and packets of Frame Relay and X.25. + Furthermore, the ATM cell has at least 5 bytes of overhead for each + 48-byte payload. When the cell is carrying segmented network layer + packets, the overhead will be higher because the ATM switch must be + able to reassemble the packets at the destination. A typical ATM line + needs almost 20% greater bandwidth than Frame Relay to carry the same + volume of network layer data.

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+ ATM offers both PVCs and SVCs, although + PVCs are more common with WANs.

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+ As with other shared technologies, ATM + allows multiple virtual circuits on a single leased line connection to + the network edge.

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+ + + Interactive Media Activity

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Checkbox: WAN Technologies Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

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Upon completing this activity, the student + will be able to identify the characteristics associated with ATM + connections.

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+ + Web Links

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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Switching

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/atm.htm

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