From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/buttons.html | 110 ++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/content.html | 115 +++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/index.html | 29 ++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/media.html | 21 ++++ 4 files changed, 275 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/buttons.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/content.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/index.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/media.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b75757 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch2/2_3_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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+ + 2.3 + WAN Design 
  + 2.3.3 + How to + identify and select networking capabilities 
+ + + + + + +
Designing a WAN essentially consists of + the following:
    +
  • Selecting an interconnection pattern + or layout for the links between the various locations
    • +
  • Selecting the technologies for those + links to meet the enterprise requirements at an acceptable cost
    • +
+

Many WANs use a star topology. As the + enterprise grows and new branches are added, the branches are connected + back to the head office, producing a traditional star topology. + Star + end-points are sometimes cross-connected, creating a mesh or partial + mesh topology. + This + provides for many possible combinations for interconnections. When + designing, re-evaluating, or modifying a WAN, a + topology that meets the design requirements must be selected. +

+

In selecting a layout, there are several + factors to consider. More links will increase the cost of the network + services, and having multiple paths between destinations increases + reliability. Adding more network devices to the data path will increase + latency and decrease reliability. Generally, each packet must be completely received at one + node before it can be passed to the next. A range of dedicated + technologies with different features is available for the data links. +

+

Technologies that require the establishment of a connection before data + can be transmitted, such as basic telephone, ISDN, or X.25, are not + suitable for WANs that require rapid response time or low latency. Once + established, ISDN and other dialup services are low latency, low jitter + circuits. ISDN is often the application of choice for connecting a small + office or home office (SOHO) network to the enterprise network, + providing reliable connectivity and adaptable bandwidth. Unlike cable + and DSL, ISDN is an option wherever modern telephone service is + available. ISDN is also useful as a backup link for primary connections + and for providing bandwidth-on-demand connections in parallel with a + primary connection. A feature of these technologies is that the + enterprise is only charged a fee when the circuit is in use.

+

The different parts of the enterprise may + be directly connected with leased lines, or they may be connected with + an access link to the nearest point-of-presence (POP) of a shared + network. X.25, Frame Relay, and ATM are examples of shared networks. + Leased lines will generally be much longer and therefore more expensive + than access links, but are available at virtually any bandwidth. They + provide very low latency and jitter.

+

ATM, Frame Relay, and X.25 networks carry + traffic from several customers over the same internal links. The + enterprise has no control over the number of links or hops that data + must traverse in the shared network. It cannot control the time data + must wait at each node before moving to the next link. This uncertainty + in latency and jitter makes these technologies unsuitable for some types + of network traffic. However, the disadvantages of a shared network may + often be outweighed by the reduced cost. Because several customers are + sharing the link, the cost to each will generally be less than the cost + of a direct link of the same capacity.

+

Although ATM is a shared network, it has + been designed to produce minimal latency and jitter through the use of + high-speed internal links sending easily manageable units of data, + called cells. ATM cells have a fixed length of 53 bytes, 48 for data and + 5 for the header. ATM is widely used + for carrying delay-sensitive traffic. Frame Relay may also be used for + delay-sensitive traffic, often using QoS mechanisms to give priority to + the more sensitive data.

+

A typical WAN uses a combination of technologies that are usually chosen + based on traffic type and volume.  ISDN, DSL, Frame Relay, or + leased lines are used to connect individual branches into an area. Frame Relay, ATM, or + leased lines are used to connect external areas back to the backbone. + ATM or leased lines form the WAN backbone.

+

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