From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html | 109 +++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/content.html | 169 +++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/index.html | 29 ++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/media.html | 21 +++ 4 files changed, 328 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/content.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/index.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/media.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..17f75f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.5 + HDLC encapsulation 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Initially, serial + communications were based on character-oriented protocols. + Bit-oriented protocols were more efficient but they were also + proprietary. In 1979, the ISO agreed on HDLC + as a standard bit-oriented data link layer protocol that encapsulates + data on synchronous serial data links. This + standardization led to other committees adopting it and extending the + protocol. Since 1981, ITU-T has developed a series of HDLC derivative + protocols. The following examples of derivative protocols are called + link access protocols:
    +
  • + Link Access Procedure, + Balanced (LAPB) for X.25 + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure on + the D channel (LAPD) for ISDN + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure for + Modems (LAPM) and PPP for modems + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure for + Frame Relay (LAPF) for Frame Relay
    • +
+

+ HDLC uses synchronous + serial transmission providing error-free communication between two + points. HDLC defines a Layer 2 framing structure that allows for flow + control and error control using acknowledgments and a windowing + scheme. Each frame has the same + format, whether it is a data frame or a control frame.

+

+ Standard HDLC does not + inherently support multiple protocols on a single link, as it does not + have a way to indicate which protocol is being carried. Cisco offers a + proprietary version of HDLC. The Cisco HDLC frame uses a proprietary + ‘type’ field that acts as a protocol field. This field enables + multiple network layer protocols to share the same serial link. HDLC + is the default Layer 2 protocol for Cisco router serial interfaces.

+

+ HDLC defines the + following three types of frame, each with a different control field + format:

+
    +
  • + Information frames + (I-frames) – Carry the data to be transmitted for the station. + Additional flow and error control - data may be piggybacked on an + information frame.
    • +
  • + Supervisory frames + (S-frames) – Provide request/response mechanisms when + piggybacking is not used.
    • +
  • + Unnumbered frames + (U-frames) – Provide supplemental link control functions, such + as connection setup. The code field identifies the U-frame type.
    • +
+

+ The first one or two bits + of the control field serve to identify the frame type. In the control + field of an Information (I) frame, the send-sequence number refers to + the number of the frame to be sent next. The receive-sequence number + provides the number of the frame to be received next. Both sender and + receiver maintain send and receive sequence numbers. + + +

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring Synchronous Serial Ports

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1828/ products_configuration_ + guide_ chapter09186a0080087283.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +    + + +

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