From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/buttons.html | 107 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/content.html | 116 ++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/buttons.html | 108 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/content.html | 72 ++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/buttons.html | 109 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/content.html | 143 ++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/buttons.html | 109 +++++++++ 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b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..79cb1dd --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + +
Overview
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ This + module presents an overview of WAN technologies. It introduces and + explains WAN terminology such as serial transmission, time + division multiplexing (TDM), demarcation, data terminal equipment + (DTE) and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE). The + development and use of high-level data link control (HDLC) + encapsulation as well as methods to configure and troubleshoot a + serial interface are presented.

+ Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is the protocol of choice to + implement over a serial WAN switched connection. It can handle + both synchronous and asynchronous communication and includes error + detection. Most importantly it incorporates an authentication + process using either CHAP or PAP. PPP can be used on various + physical media, including twisted pair, fiber optic lines and + satellite transmission.

+

Described in this module are + configuration procedures for PPP, available options, and + troubleshooting concepts. Among the options available is the ability + of PPP to use PAP or CHAP authentication.

+

+ Students completing this module should be able to:

+
    +
  • + Explain serial communication
    • +
  • + Describe and give an example of TDM
    • +
  • + Identify the demarcation point in a + WAN
    • +
  • + Describe the functions of the DTE and DCE
    • +
  • + Discuss the development of HDLC encapsulation
    • +
  • + Use the + encapsulation hdlc command to configure HDLC
    • +
  • + Troubleshoot a serial interface using + the + show interface + and + show controllers + commands
    • +
  • + Identify the advantages of using PPP
    • +
  • + Explain the functions of the Link Control Protocol (LCP) and the + Network Control Protocol (NCP) components of PPP
    • +
  • + Describe the parts of a PPP frame
    • +
  • + Identify the three phases of a PPP + session
    • +
  • + Explain the difference between PAP and + CHAP
    • +
  • + List the steps in the PPP + authentication process
    • +
  • + Identify the various PPP configuration + options
    • +
  • + Configure PPP encapsulation +
    • +
  • + Configure CHAP and PAP authentication
    • +
  • + Use + show interface + to verify the serial encapsulation
    • +
  • + Troubleshoot any problems with the PPP + configuration using + debug PPP
    • +
+

   + + +

+
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..661f2c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2483fbe --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_0_0/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b7eef2e --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + +
+ + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a1bd24 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.1 + Introduction to serial + communication 
+ + + + + + +
+ + WAN technologies are based on serial + transmission at the physical layer. This means that the bits of a + frame are transmitted one at a time over the physical medium.

+ + The bits + that make up the Layer 2 frame are signaled one at a time by physical + layer processes onto the physical medium. + The signaling methods + include Nonreturn to Zero Level (NRZ-L), High Density Binary 3, + (HDB3), and Alternative Mark Inversion (AMI). These are examples of + physical layer encoding standards, similar to Manchester encoding for + Ethernet. Among other things, these + signaling methods differentiate between one serial communication + method and another. Some of the many different serial communications + standards are the following:

+
    +
  • + + RS-232-E
    • +
  • + + V.35
    • +
  • + + High Speed Serial Interface (HSSI)
    • +
+

       +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..387b31a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d1780c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bce2f67 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.2 + Time-division multiplexing 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) is the + transmission of several sources of information using one common + channel, or signal, and then the reconstruction of the original + streams at the remote end.

+ + In the example shown in the first figure, + there are three sources of information carried in turn down the output + channel. First, a chunk of information + is taken from each input channel. The size of this chunk may vary, but + typically it is either a bit or a byte at a time. Depending on whether + bits or bytes are used, this type of TDM is called bit-interleaving or + byte-interleaving. +

+

+ + Each of the three input channels has its + own capacity. For the output channel to be able to accommodate all the + information from the three inputs, the capacity of the output channel + must be no less than the sum of the inputs.

+

+ + In TDM, the output timeslot is always + present whether or not the TDM input has any information to transmit. + TDM output can be compared to a train with 32 railroad cars. Each is + owned by a different freight company and every day the train leaves + with the 32 cars attached. If one of the companies has product to + send, the car is loaded. If the company has nothing to send, the car + remains empty, but it is still part of the train.

+

+ + TDM is a physical layer concept, it has no + regard for the nature of the information that is being multiplexed onto the output channel. TDM is independent of the Layer 2 + protocol that has been used by the input channels.

+

+ + One TDM example is Integrated Services + Digital Network (ISDN). ISDN basic rate (BRI) has three channels + consisting of two 64 kbps B-channels (B1 and B2), and a 16 kbps + D-channel. The TDM has nine timeslots, which are repeated. + This + allows the telco to actively manage and troubleshoot the local loop as + the demarcation point occurs after the network terminating unit (NTU).

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Time-Division Multiplexing

+ + http://whatis.techtarget.com/ + definition/0,,sid9_gci214174,00.html

+ +

+

+
+
+
+       +       + + +

+ + + + + +

   + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..03536f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..44e6f2a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e83f4a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.3 + Demarcation point 
+ + + + + + +
+ + + The demarcation point, or "demarc" as it is commonly known, is the + point in the network where the responsibility of the service provider + or "telco" ends. In the United States, a telco provides the local loop into the + customer premises and the customer provides the active equipment such + as the channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU) on which the + local loop is terminated. This + termination often occurs in a telecommunications closet and + the customer is responsible for maintaining, replacing, + or repairing the equipment.

+ + + In other countries around the world, the network terminating unit (NTU) + is provided and managed by the telco. This allows the telco to + actively manage and troubleshoot the local loop with the demarcation + point occurring after the NTU. The customer connects a customer + premises equipment (CPE) device, such + as a router or frame relay access device, into the NTU + using a V.35 or RS-232 serial interface. +

+

  +   + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3442ba9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..684b532 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..52969d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.4 + DTE-DCE 
+ + + + + + +
+ + A serial connection has a data terminal + equipment (DTE) device at one end of the connection and a data + communications equipment (DCE) device at the other end. The connection + between the two DCEs is the WAN service provider transmission network. The CPE, which is generally a router, is the DTE. + Other DTE examples could be a terminal, computer, printer, or fax + machine. The DCE, commonly a modem or CSU/DSU, is the device used to + convert the user data from the DTE into a form acceptable to the WAN + service provider transmission link. This signal is received at the + remote DCE, which decodes the signal back into a sequence of bits. + This sequence is then signaled to the remote DTE. +

+ Many standards have been developed to + allow DTEs to communicate with DCEs. The Electronics Industry + Association (EIA) and the International + Telecommunication Union Telecommunications Standardization Sector (ITU-T) have been most active + in the development of these standards. +

+

The DTE-DCE interface for a particular + standard defines the following specifications:

+
    +
  • Mechanical/physical – Number + of pins and connector type
    • +
  • Electrical – Defines voltage + levels for 0 and 1
    • +
  • Functional – Specifies the + functions that are performed by assigning meanings to each of the + signaling lines in the interface
    • +
  • Procedural – Specifies the + sequence of events for transmitting data
    • +
+

If two DTEs must be connected together, + like two computers or two routers in the lab, a special cable called a + null-modem is necessary to eliminate the need for a DCE. For + synchronous connections, where a clock signal is needed, either an + external device or one of the DTEs must generate the clock signal.

+

The synchronous serial port on a router + is configured as DTE or DCE depending on the attached cable, which is + ordered as either DTE or DCE to match the router configuration. If the + port is configured as DTE, which is the default setting, external + clocking is required from the CSU/DSU or other DCE device.

+

The cable for the DTE to DCE connection + is a shielded serial transition cable. The router end of the shielded + serial transition cable may be a DB-60 connector, which connects to + the DB-60 port on a serial WAN interface card. The other end of the + serial transition cable is available with the connector appropriate + for the standard that is to be used. The WAN provider or the CSU/DSU + usually dictates this cable type. Cisco devices support the EIA/TIA-232, + EIA/TIA-449, V.35, X.21, and EIA/TIA-530 serial standards.

+

To support higher densities in a + smaller form factor, Cisco has introduced a smart serial cable. The + serial end of the smart serial cable is a 26-pin connector + significantly more compact than the DB-60 connector.   

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

PhotoZoom: DCE/DTE Cable

+

In this + PhotoZoom, the student will view DCE and DTE cable.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/ hssi.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +    +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2354ce2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..17f75f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc9449e --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.5 + HDLC encapsulation 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Initially, serial + communications were based on character-oriented protocols. + Bit-oriented protocols were more efficient but they were also + proprietary. In 1979, the ISO agreed on HDLC + as a standard bit-oriented data link layer protocol that encapsulates + data on synchronous serial data links. This + standardization led to other committees adopting it and extending the + protocol. Since 1981, ITU-T has developed a series of HDLC derivative + protocols. The following examples of derivative protocols are called + link access protocols:
    +
  • + Link Access Procedure, + Balanced (LAPB) for X.25 + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure on + the D channel (LAPD) for ISDN + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure for + Modems (LAPM) and PPP for modems + + +
    • +
  • + Link Access Procedure for + Frame Relay (LAPF) for Frame Relay
    • +
+

+ HDLC uses synchronous + serial transmission providing error-free communication between two + points. HDLC defines a Layer 2 framing structure that allows for flow + control and error control using acknowledgments and a windowing + scheme. Each frame has the same + format, whether it is a data frame or a control frame.

+

+ Standard HDLC does not + inherently support multiple protocols on a single link, as it does not + have a way to indicate which protocol is being carried. Cisco offers a + proprietary version of HDLC. The Cisco HDLC frame uses a proprietary + ‘type’ field that acts as a protocol field. This field enables + multiple network layer protocols to share the same serial link. HDLC + is the default Layer 2 protocol for Cisco router serial interfaces.

+

+ HDLC defines the + following three types of frame, each with a different control field + format:

+
    +
  • + Information frames + (I-frames) – Carry the data to be transmitted for the station. + Additional flow and error control - data may be piggybacked on an + information frame.
    • +
  • + Supervisory frames + (S-frames) – Provide request/response mechanisms when + piggybacking is not used.
    • +
  • + Unnumbered frames + (U-frames) – Provide supplemental link control functions, such + as connection setup. The code field identifies the U-frame type.
    • +
+

+ The first one or two bits + of the control field serve to identify the frame type. In the control + field of an Information (I) frame, the send-sequence number refers to + the number of the frame to be sent next. The receive-sequence number + provides the number of the frame to be received next. Both sender and + receiver maintain send and receive sequence numbers. + + +

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring Synchronous Serial Ports

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1828/ products_configuration_ + guide_ chapter09186a0080087283.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +    + + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c126f8d --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a111148 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8a84991 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.6 + Configuring HDLC encapsulation 
+ + + + + + +
+ + The default encapsulation method used by + Cisco devices on synchronous serial lines is Cisco HDLC. If the serial interface is + configured with another encapsulation protocol, and the encapsulation + must be changed back to HDLC, enter the interface configuration mode + of the serial interface. Then enter the + + + + encapsulation hdlc + command to specify the encapsulation protocol on the interface. +

+ + + Cisco HDLC is a point-to-point protocol that can be used on leased + lines between two Cisco devices. When communicating with a non-Cisco + device, synchronous PPP is a more viable option.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring Synchronous Serial Ports

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1828/ products_configuration_ + guide_ chapter09186a0080087283.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +   + + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..901c4d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_6/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7434509 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f54fac0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.1 + Serial Point-to-Point Links 
  + 3.1.7 + Troubleshooting a serial + interface 
+ + + + + + +
+ + The output of the + show interfaces + serial command + displays information specific to serial interfaces. When HDLC is configured, “Encapsulation HDLC” should be reflected in the + output. + When PPP + is configured, "Encapsulation PPP" should be seen in the output. +

Five + possible problem states can be identified in the interface status line + of the + show interfaces serial + display:

    +
  • Serial x is down, line protocol is + down
    • +
  • Serial x is up, line protocol is + down
    • +
  • Serial x is up, line protocol is up + (looped)
    • +
  • Serial x is up, line protocol is + down (disabled)
    • +
  • Serial x is administratively down, + line protocol is down
    • +
+

The + show controllers + command is another important diagnostic tool when troubleshooting + serial lines. The show + controllers output indicates + the state of the interface channels and whether a cable is attached + to the interface. In Figure + , serial + interface 0/0 has a V.35 DTE cable attached. The command syntax + varies, depending on platform. For serial interfaces on Cisco 7000 + series routers, use the + show controllers cbus + command.

If the electrical + interface output is shown as UNKNOWN, instead of V.35, EIA/TIA-449, + or some other electrical interface type, an improperly connected + cable is the likely problem. A problem with the internal wiring of + the card is also possible. If the electrical interface is unknown, + the corresponding display for the + show interfaces serial + <X> command will show that the interface and line protocol are down.

+ Following are some debug commands that + are useful when troubleshooting serial and WAN problems:

    +
  • debug serial interface + – Verifies whether HDLC keepalive packets are incrementing. If + they are not, a possible timing problem exists on the interface + card or in the network. +
    • +
  • debug arp + – Indicates whether the router is sending information about or + learning about routers (with ARP packets) on the other side of the + WAN cloud. Use this command when some nodes on a TCP/IP network + are responding, but others are not.
    • +
  • debug frame-relay lmi + – Obtains Local Management Interface (LMI) information which is + useful for determining whether a Frame Relay switch and a router + are sending and receiving LMI packets.
    • +
  • debug frame-relay events + – Determines whether exchanges are occurring between a router and + a Frame Relay switch.
    • +
  • debug ppp negotiation + – Shows Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) packets transmitted during + PPP startup where PPP options are negotiated.
    • +
  • debug ppp packet + – Shows PPP packets being sent and received. This command displays + low-level packet dumps.
    • +
  • debug ppp + – Shows PPP errors, such as illegal or malformed frames, + associated with PPP connection negotiation and operation.
    • +
  • debug ppp authentication + – Shows PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) and + Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) packet exchanges.
    • +
+
+

Caution: Debugging output is + assigned high priority in the CPU process and can render the + system unusable. For this reason, debug commands should only be + used to troubleshoot specific problems or during troubleshooting + sessions with Cisco technical support staff. It is good practice + to use debug commands during periods of low network traffic and + when the fewest users are online. Debugging during these periods + decreases the likelihood that increased debug command processing + overhead will affect system use.

+
+

+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Troubleshooting a Serial Interface

+

In this lab, the students will configure a serial interface on the London and + Paris routers.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: Troubleshooting a Serial Interface

+ +

In this lab, the student will configure a serial + interface on the London and Paris routers.

+

+
+

    + + + + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c02da0c --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_1_7/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..022ca84 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..424c26e --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication +  
  + 3.2.1 + PPP layered architecture 
+ + + + + + +
+ + +

PPP uses a layered architecture. A + layered architecture is a logical model, design, or blueprint that + aids in communication between interconnecting layers. The Open System + Interconnection (OSI) model is the layered architecture used in + networking. PPP provides a method for encapsulating multi-protocol + datagrams over a point-to-point link, and uses the data link layer for + testing the connection. Therefore PPP is made up of two sub-protocols: +

    +
  • Link Control Protocol – Used for establishing the point-to-point + link.
    • +
  • Network Control Protocol – Used for configuring the various + network layer protocols. +
    • +
+

PPP can be configured on the following types of physical interfaces:

    +
  • Asynchronous serial
    • +
  • Synchronous serial
    • +
  • High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI)
    • +
  • Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
    • +
+

PPP uses Link Control Protocol (LCP) to negotiate and setup + control options on the WAN data link. PPP uses the Network Control + Protocol (NCP) component to encapsulate and negotiate options for + multiple network layer protocols. The LCP sits on top of the physical + layer and is used to establish, configure, and test the data-link + connection. +

PPP also uses LCP to automatically agree upon encapsulation format + options such as:

    +
  • Authentication – Authentication options require that + the calling side of the link enter information to help ensure + the caller has the network administrator's permission to make + the call. Peer routers exchange authentication messages. Two + authentication choices are Password Authentication Protocol + (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP).
    • +
  • Compression – Compression options increase the effective throughput + on PPP connections by reducing the amount of data in the frame that + must travel across the link. The protocol decompresses the frame at + its destination. Two compression protocols available in Cisco routers + are Stacker and Predictor.
    • +
  • Error detection – Error detection mechanisms with PPP enable a + process to identify fault conditions. The Quality and Magic Number + options help ensure a reliable, loop-free data link.
    • +
  • Multilink – Cisco IOS Release 11.1 and later supports multilink + PPP. This alternative provides load balancing over the router + interfaces that PPP uses.
    • +
  • PPP Callback – To further enhance security, Cisco IOS Release 11.1 + offers callback over PPP. With this LCP option, a Cisco router can act + as a callback client or as a callback server. The client makes the + initial call, requests that it be called back, and terminates its + initial call. The callback router answers the initial call and makes + the return call to the client based on its configuration statements. +
    • +
+

LCP will also do the following:

    +
  • Handle varying limits on packet size
    • +
  • Detect common misconfiguration errors
    • +
  • Terminate the link
    • +
  • Determine when a link is functioning properly or when it is failing
    • +
+

PPP permits multiple network layer protocols to operate on the same + communications link. For every network layer protocol used, a separate + Network Control Protocol (NCP) is provided. For example, Internet + Protocol (IP) uses the IP Control Protocol (IPCP), and Internetwork + Packet Exchange (IPX) uses the Novell IPX Control Protocol (IPXCP). NCPs + include functional fields containing standardized codes to indicate + the network layer protocol type that PPP encapsulates. +

The fields of a PPP frame are as follows:

    +
  • Flag – Indicates the beginning or end of a frame and consists of the + binary sequence 01111110.
    • +
  • Address – Consists of the standard broadcast address, which is the + binary sequence 11111111. PPP does not assign individual station + addresses.
    • +
  • Control – 1 byte that consists of the binary sequence 00000011, + which calls for transmission of user data in an unsequenced frame. A + connection-less link service similar to that of Logical Link Control + (LLC) Type 1 is provided.
    • +
  • Protocol – 2 bytes that identify the protocol encapsulated in the + data field of the frame. +
    • +
  • Data – 0 or more bytes that contain the datagram for the protocol + specified in the protocol field. The end of the data field is found by + locating the closing flag sequence and allowing 2 bytes for the frame + check sequence (FCS) field. The default maximum length of the data + field is 1,500 bytes.
    • +
  • FCS – Normally 16 bits or 2 bytes that refers to the extra + characters added to a frame for error control purposes.
    • +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

Drag and Drop: PPP Layered Architecture

+

When the student has completed this activity, the student + will understand the basic PPP layered architecture.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/ppp.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +  

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3568e29 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b34aca --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6c5ee87 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication 
  + 3.2.2 + + Establishing a PPP session 
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + PPP session establishment progresses through three + phases. These phases are link establishment, authentication, and the + network layer protocol phase. + LCP frames are used to accomplish the + work of each of the LCP phases. The following three classes of LCP + frames are used in a PPP session:
    +
  • + + + + Link-establishment frames are used to establish and configure a + link.
    • +
  • + + + + Link-termination frames are used to terminate a link.
    • +
  • + + + + Link-maintenance frames are used to manage and debug a link.
    • +
+

+ + + + The three PPP session establishment phases are:

+
    +
  • + + + + Link-establishment phase – In this phase each PPP device sends LCP + frames to configure and test the data link. LCP frames contain a + configuration option field that allows devices to negotiate the use of + options such as the maximum transmission unit (MTU), compression of + certain PPP fields, and the link-authentication protocol. If a + configuration option is not included in an LCP packet, the default + value for that configuration option is assumed. + Before any network + layer packets can be exchanged, LCP must first open the connection and + negotiate the configuration parameters. This phase is complete when a + configuration acknowledgment frame has been sent and received.
    • +
  • + + + + Authentication phase (optional) – After the link has been established + and the authentication protocol decided on, the peer may be + authenticated. Authentication, if used, takes place before the network + layer protocol phase is entered. As part of this phase, LCP also + allows for an optional link-quality determination test. The link is + tested to determine whether the link quality is good enough to bring + up network layer protocols. + +
    • +
  • + + + + Network layer protocol phase – In this phase the PPP devices send NCP + packets to choose and configure one or more network layer protocols, + such as IP. + Once each of the chosen network layer protocols has been + configured, packets from each network layer protocol can be sent over + the link. If LCP closes the link, it informs the network layer + protocols so that they can take appropriate action. The + + + + show interfaces command + reveals the LCP and NCP states under PPP configuration.
    • +
+

+ + + + The PPP link remains configured for communications until LCP or NCP + frames close the link or until an inactivity timer expires or a user + intervenes.

+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

Drag and Drop: Establishing a PPP Session

+

When the student has completed this activity, the student + will know the three steps in establishing a PPP Session.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: show interfaces

+

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use the + + show interfaces + command to display statistics for interfaces configured on the + router for access server.

+ +

+
+        + + + +

+       +   + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fbc63da --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1702ea3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e59837 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication 
  + 3.2.3 + PPP authentication protocols 
+ + + + + + +
+ + The authentication phase of a + PPP session is optional. After the link has been established and the + authentication protocol chosen, the peer can be authenticated. If it + is used, authentication takes place before the network layer protocol + configuration phase begins. +

+ + The authentication options require that + the calling side of the link enter authentication information. This + helps to ensure that the user has the permission of the network + administrator to make the call. Peer routers exchange authentication + messages. +

+

+ + When configuring PPP authentication, the + network administrator can select Password Authentication Protocol + (PAP) or Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). + + In + general, CHAP is the preferred protocol.

+

     + + +

+ + + + + + +

  

+ + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78c3cc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3a1ec5d --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1ce6597 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication 
  + 3.2.4 + Password + Authentication Protocol (PAP) 
+ + + + + + + +
+ PAP provides a simple method for a remote + node to establish its identity, using a two-way handshake. + After the + PPP link establishment phase is complete, a username/password pair is + repeatedly sent by the remote node across the link until + authentication is acknowledged or the connection is terminated. +

+ PAP is not a strong authentication + protocol. Passwords are sent across the link in clear text and there + is no protection from playback or repeated trial-and-error attacks. + The remote node is in control of the frequency and timing of the login + attempts.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring and Troubleshooting PPP Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk713/
+ + tk507/technologies_tech_note09186a
+ + 0080093c6f.shtml

+ + +
+
+

+       + +    +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..15efda7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc477b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0c4a4c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication 
  + 3.2.5 + Challenge + Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) 
+ + + + + + + +
+ + CHAP is used at the startup of a link and periodically verifies the + identity of the remote node using a three-way handshake. CHAP is + performed upon initial link establishment and is repeated during the + time the link is established.

+ + After the PPP link establishment phase is complete, the local router + sends a "challenge" message to the remote node. + The remote + node responds with a value calculated using a one-way hash function, + which is typically Message Digest 5 (MD5). This response is based on + the password and challenge message. + The local + router checks the response against its own calculation of the expected + hash value. If the values match, the authentication is acknowledged, + otherwise the connection is immediately terminated. +

+

+ + CHAP provides protection against playback attack through the use of a + variable challenge value that is unique and unpredictable. Since the + challenge is unique and random, the resulting hash value will also be + unique and random. The use of repeated challenges is intended to limit + the time of exposure to any single attack. The local router or a + third-party authentication server is in control of the frequency and + timing of the challenges.    

+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: + + ppp chap hostname hostname

+ +

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use + the + ppp chap hostname hostname + command to create a pool of dialup routers.

+ +

+
+     + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Understanding and Configuring PPP CHAP Authentication

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk713/
+ + tk507/technologies_tech_note09186a
+ + 00800b4131.shtml

+ + +
+
+

+       +    +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f454557 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a2b86c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a4ac91b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.2 + PPP Authentication 
  + 3.2.6 + PPP + encapsulation and authentication process  
+ + + + + + + +
+ + When the + + encapsulation ppp + command is used either PAP or CHAP + authentication can be optionally added. If no authentication is + specified the PPP session starts immediately. If authentication is + required the process proceeds through the following steps: +
    +
  • + + The method of authentication is determined.
    • +
  • + + The local database or security server, which has a username and + password database, is checked to see if the given username and + password pair matches.
    • +
  • + + The process checks the authentication response sent back from the + local database. If it is a positive response, the PPP session is + started. If negative, the session is terminated.
    • +
+

+ + The Figure + and corresponding Figure +  details the + CHAP authentication process.

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

Drag and Drop: PPP Encapsulation and Authentication Process

+

When the student has completed this activity, the student + will know the steps in the PPP authentication process.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6316c3c --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_2_6/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..05a1514 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aeb82a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.3 + + Configuring PPP 
  + 3.3.1 + Introduction to configuring + PPP  
+ + + + + + +
+

+ Configurable aspects of PPP include methods of authentication, + compression, error detection, and whether or not multilink is + supported. The following section describes the different configuration + options for PPP. +

+ Cisco routers that use PPP encapsulation may include the LCP + configuration options described in Figure + .

+       +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9e26443 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2071ccb --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd8903b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.3 + + Configuring PPP 
  + 3.3.2 + Configuring PPP  
+ + + + + + +
+ + The following example enables PPP encapsulation on + serial interface 0/0:

+ + + Router#configure + terminal
+ Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
+ Router(config-if)#encapsulation ppp

+
+

+ + Point-to-point software compression can be configured on serial + interfaces that use PPP encapsulation. Compression is performed in + software and might significantly affect system performance. + Compression is not recommended if most of the traffic consists of + compressed files.

+

+ To configure compression over PPP, enter + the following commands: +

+

+ + + Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
+ Router(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
+ Router(config-if)#compress [predictor | + stac]

+
+

+ + Enter the following to monitor the data dropped on the link, and avoid + frame looping:

+

+ + + Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
+ Router(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
+ Router(config-if)#ppp + quality percentage

+
+

+ + The following commands perform load balancing across multiple links:

+

+ + + Router(config)#interface serial 0/0
+ Router(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
+ Router(config-if)#ppp + multilink

+
+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Configuring PPP Encapsulation

+

In this lab, the student will + configure a + serial interface on the Washington and Dublin routers with the + PPP protocol.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: Configuring PPP Protocol

+ +

In this lab, the student will configure a serial + interface on the Washington and Dublin routers with the PPP + protocol.

+

+
+

+       +       + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f8595d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e200ef5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8d19ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.3 + + Configuring PPP 
  + 3.3.3 + + Configuring PPP authentication 
+ + + + + + +
+ The procedure outlined in the table describes how to + configure PPP encapsulation and PAP/CHAP authentication protocols. + +

+ Correct configuration is essential, since PAP and CHAP will use these + parameters to authenticate.

+

+ Figure + is an + example of a two-way PAP authentication configuration. Both routers + authenticate and are authenticated, so the PAP authentication commands + mirror each other. The PAP username and password that each router sends + must match those specified with the + + username name password password + command of the other router.

+

+ PAP provides a simple method for a remote node to establish its identity + using a two-way handshake. This is done only upon initial link + establishment. The hostname on one router must match the username the + other router has configured. The passwords must also match. +

+

+ CHAP is used to periodically verify the identity of the remote node + using a 3-way handshake. The hostname on one router must match the + username the other router has configured. The passwords must also match. + This is done upon initial link establishment and can be repeated any + time after the link has been established. +

+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Configuring PPP Authentication

+

In this lab, the + student will configure a serial interface on the Madrid and + Tokyo routers.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: Configuring PPP Authentication

+ +

In this lab, the student will configure a serial + interface on the Madrid and Tokyo routers.

+

+
+     + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: + + username name password password

+ +

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use the + + username name password password + command.

+ +

+
+     + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring and Troubleshooting PPP Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk713/ + tk507/technologies_tech_ note09186a0080093c6f.shtml

+ + +
+
+

+       +       + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..447c789 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..57edb36 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5fd9c60 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.3 + + Configuring PPP 
  + 3.3.4 + Verifying the serial PPP + encapsulation configuration 
+ + + + + + +
+ Use the + show interfaces serial + command to verify + proper configuration of HDLC or PPP encapsulation. The command output in + Figure + illustrates a PPP configuration. When high-level data link + control (HDLC) is configured, "Encapsulation HDLC" should be reflected + in the output of the + show interfaces serial + command. When PPP is + configured, its Link Control Protocol (LCP) and Network Control Protocol + (NCP) states can be checked using the + + show interfaces serial + command.

Figure + lists + commands used when enabling, configuring and verifying PPP.

+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Verifying PPP Configuration

+

In this lab, the + student will configure a serial interface on the Brasilia + and Warsaw routers with the PPP protocol.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: Verify PPP Protocol

+ +

In this lab, the student will configure a serial + interface on the Brasilia and Warsaw routers with the PPP + protocol.

+

+
+     + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring and Troubleshooting PPP Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ tk713/tk507/ technologies_tech_ note09186a0080093c6f.shtml

+ + +

+

+
+

+       + +     + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8695944 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bf89089 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..471430b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 3.3 + + Configuring PPP 
  + 3.3.5 + Troubleshooting the serial + encapsulation configuration 
+ + + + + + +
The + debug ppp authentication + + command displays the authentication + exchange sequence. Figure + illustrates + the Left router output during CHAP authentication with the router on the + right when + debug ppp authentication + is enabled. With two-way authentication configured, each router + authenticates the other. Messages appear for both the authenticating + process and the process of being authenticated. Use the + debug ppp authentication + command to display the exchange sequence as it occurs.

+ Figure + highlights router output for a two-way PAP authentication. +

+

The + debug ppp + command is used to display information about the operation of PPP. The + no + form of this command disables debugging output. +

+
+

Router#debug ppp + {authentication | packet | + negotiation | error | chap}
+ Router#no debug ppp {authentication | packet | negotiation | error | chap}

+
+ +

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Troubleshooting PPP + Configuration

+

In this lab, the + student will configure + a serial + interface on the London and Paris routers and troubleshoot the + connection.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: Troubleshooting a Serial Interface

+ +

In this lab, the student will configure a serial + interface on the London and Paris routers then use show + commands to troubleshoot and connectivity issues.

+

+
+

    + + + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f5f22df --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_3_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b591497 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..374f43f --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + +
+ Summary
+ + + + + + +
+ + An + understanding of the following key points should have been achieved:
    +
  • + + Time division multiplexing
    • +
  • + + The demarcation point in a WAN
    • +
  • + + The definition and functions of the DTE and DCE
    • +
  • + + The development of HDLC encapsulation
    • +
  • + + Using the + + encapsulation HDLC command to configure HDLC
    • +
  • + + Troubleshooting a serial interface using + the + + show interface + + and + + show controllers + commands
    • +
  • + + The advantages of using PPP protocol
    • +
  • + + The functions of the Link Control Protocol (LCP) and the Network + Control Protocol (NCP) components of PPP
    • +
  • + + The parts of a PPP frame
    • +
  • + + The three phases of a PPP session
    • +
  • + + The difference between PAP and CHAP
    • +
  • + + The steps in the PPP authentication + process
    • +
  • + + The various options for PPP configuration
    • +
  • + + How to configure PPP encapsulation +
    • +
  • + + How to configure CHAP and PAP + authentication
    • +
  • + + Using + + show interface + to verify the serial encapsulation
    • +
  • + + Troubleshooting problems with the PPP + configuration using the + + debug PPP + command.
    • +
+

     +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..72ffbd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e5bba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/3_4_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aa55df8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc7210b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_1_7/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ + + + + +New Page 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_3_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_3_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..63c8c3d --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch3/lab3_3_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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