From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/buttons.html | 107 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/content.html | 75 ++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/buttons.html | 110 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/content.html | 188 +++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/buttons.html | 109 +++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/content.html | 160 +++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/index.html | 29 +++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/media.html | 21 ++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/buttons.html | 109 +++++++++ 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Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/main.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73cade2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b044448 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + +
Overview
+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ Integrated Services Digital Network + (ISDN) is a network that provides end-to-end digital connectivity + to support a wide range of services including voice and data + services.

ISDN allows + multiple digital channels to operate simultaneously through the + same regular phone wiring used for analog lines, but ISDN + transmits a digital signal rather than analog. Latency is much + lower on an ISDN line than on an analog line.

+

Dial-on-demand routing (DDR) is a + technique developed by Cisco that allows the use of existing + telephone lines to form a wide-area network (WAN), instead of + using separate, dedicated lines. Public switched telephone + networks (PSTNs) are involved in this process.

+

DDR is used when a constant + connection is not needed, thus reducing costs. DDR defines the + process of a router connecting using a dialup network when there is + traffic to send, and then disconnecting when the transfer is + complete.

+

Students completing this module should be able to:

+
    +
  • Define the ISDN standards used + for addressing, concepts, and signaling
    • +
  • Describe how ISDN uses the + physical and data link layers
    • +
  • List the interfaces and + reference points for ISDN
    • +
  • Configure the router ISDN + interface
    • +
  • Determine what traffic is + allowed when configuring DDR
    • +
  • Configure static routes for DDR
    • +
  • Choose the correct encapsulation + type for DDR
    • +
  • Be able to determine and apply + an access list affecting DDR traffic
    • +
  • Configure dialer interfaces
    • +
+

     +

+
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..661f2c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42eddef --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_0_0/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..da915c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + +
+ + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..473e327 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.1 + Introducing ISDN 
+ + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + There are several WAN technologies used to provide network access from + remote locations. One of these technologies is ISDN. + ISDN can be used as a solution to the low + bandwidth problems that small offices or dial-in users have with + traditional telephone dial-in services.

+ + + + The traditional PSTN was based on an analog connection between the + customer premises and the local + exchange, also called the local loop. + + The analog circuits introduce limitations on the bandwidth that can be + obtained on the local loop. Circuit restrictions do not permit analog + bandwidths greater than approximately 3000 Hz. ISDN technology + permits the use of digital data on the local loop, providing better + access speeds for the remote users. +

+

+ + + + Telephone companies developed ISDN with the intention of creating a + totally digital network. ISDN allows digital signals to be transmitted + over existing telephone wiring. This became possible when the + telephone company switches were upgraded to handle digital signals. + ISDN is generally used for telecommuting and networking small and + remote offices into the corporate LAN.

+

+ + Telephone companies developed ISDN as part of an effort to standardize + subscriber services. This included the User-Network Interface (UNI), + better known as the local loop. + + The ISDN standards define the hardware and call setup schemes for + end-to-end digital connectivity. These standards help achieve the goal + of worldwide connectivity by ensuring that ISDN networks easily + communicate with one another. In an ISDN network, the digitizing + function is done at the user site rather than the telephone company.

+

+ + ISDN brings digital connectivity to local sites. The following list + provides some of the benefits of ISDN: +

+
    +
  • + + Carries a variety of user traffic signals, including data, voice, + and video
    • +
  • + + Offers much faster call setup than modem connections
    • +
  • + + B channels provide a faster data transfer rate + than modems
    • +
  • + + B channels are suitable for negotiated Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) + links
    • +
+

+ + + + ISDN is a versatile service able to carry voice, video, and data + traffic. It is possible to use multiple channels to carry different + types of traffic over a single connection.

+

+ + + ISDN uses out-of-band signaling, the delta (D channel), for call setup + and signaling. To make a normal telephone call, the user dials the + number one digit at a time. Once all the numbers are received, the + call can be placed to the remote user. ISDN delivers the numbers to + the switch at D-channel rates, thus reducing the time it takes to set + up the call.

+

+ + + ISDN also provides more bandwidth than a traditional 56 kbps dialup + connection. ISDN uses bearer channels, also called B channels, as + clear data paths. Each B channel provides 64 kbps of bandwidth. With + multiple B channels, ISDN offers more bandwidth for WAN connections + than some leased services. An ISDN connection with two B channels + would provide a total usable bandwidth of 128 kbps.

+

+ + Each ISDN B channel can make a separate serial connection to any other + site in the ISDN network. Since PPP operates over both synchronous and + asynchronous serial links, ISDN lines can be used in conjunction with + PPP encapsulation.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/cisintwk/ ito_doc/ isdn.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +   + +

  + +  
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..24062fe --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d5d03fc --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2446146 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.2 + ISDN standards and access + methods 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Work on standards for ISDN began in the + late 1960s. A comprehensive set of ISDN recommendations was published + in 1984 and is continuously updated by the International + Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T), + formerly known as the Consultative Committee for International + Telegraph and Telephone (CCITT). The ISDN standards are a set of + protocols that encompass digital telephony and data communications. + The ITU-T groups and organizes the ISDN protocols according to the + following general topic areas: +
    +
  • E Protocols – Recommend + telephone network standards for ISDN. For example, the E.164 + protocol describes international addressing for ISDN.
    • +
  • I Protocols – Deal with + concepts, terminology, and general methods. The I.100 series + includes general ISDN concepts and the structure of other I-series + recommendations. I.200 deals with service aspects of ISDN. I.300 + describes network aspects. I.400 describes how the UNI is provided.
    • +
  • Q Protocols – Cover how + switching and signaling should operate. The term signaling in this + context means the process of establishing an ISDN call.
    • +
+

ISDN standards define two main channel + types, each with a different transmission rate. The bearer channel, or + B channel, is defined as a clear digital path of 64 kbps. It is said to + be clear because it can be used to transmit any type of digitized data + in full-duplex mode. For example, a digitized voice call can be + transmitted on a single B channel. The second channel type is called a + delta channel, or D channel. There can either be 16 kbps for the Basic + Rate Interface (BRI) or 64 kbps for the Primary Rate Interface (PRI). + The D + channel is used to carry control information for the B channel. +

+

When a TCP connection is established, + there is an exchange of information called the connection setup. This + information is exchanged over the path on which the data will + eventually be transmitted. Both the control information and the data + share the same pathway. This is called in-band signaling. ISDN + however, uses a separate channel for control information, the D + channel. This is called out-of-band signaling.

+

ISDN specifies two standard access + methods, BRI and PRI. + A single BRI or PRI interface provides a multiplexed bundle of B and D + channels.

+

BRI uses two 64 kbps B channels plus + one 16kbps D channel. BRI operates with many + Cisco routers. Because it uses two B channels and one D channel, BRI + is sometimes referred to as 2B+D.

+

The B channels can be used for + digitized speech transmission. In this case, specialized methods are + used for the voice encoding. Also, the B channels can be used for + relatively high-speed data transport. In this mode, the information is + carried in frame format, using either high-level data link control (HDLC) or PPP as the Layer 2 + protocol. PPP is more robust than HDLC because it provides a mechanism + for authentication and negotiation of compatible link and protocol + configuration.

+

ISDN is considered a circuit-switched + connection. The B channel is the elemental circuit-switching unit.

+

The D channel carries signaling + messages, such as call setup and teardown, to control calls on B + channels. Traffic over the D channel employs the Link Access Procedure + on the D Channel (LAPD) protocol. LAPD is a data link layer protocol based on HDLC.

+

In North America and Japan, PRI offers + twenty-three 64 kbps B channels and one 64 kbps D channel. A PRI offers the same service as a T1 or DS1 + connection. In Europe and much of the rest of the world, PRI offers 30 + B channels and one D channel in order to offer the same level of + service as an E1 circuit. PRI uses a Data Service Unit/Channel Service + Unit (DSU/CSU) for T1/E1 connections.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/ isdn.htms

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +     +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..77a61d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..144fd02 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..859f6ce --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.3 + ISDN 3-layer model and + protocols 
+ + + + + + +
+ + ISDN utilizes a suite of + ITU-T standards spanning the physical, data link, and network layers + of the OSI reference model: +
    +
  • + + The ISDN BRI and PRI physical layer + specifications are defined in ITU-T I.430 and I.431, respectively. +
    • +
  • + The ISDN data link + specification is based on LAPD and is formally specified in the + following: +
      +
    • ITU-T Q.920
      • +
    • ITU-T Q.921
      • +
    • ITU-T Q.922
      • +
    • ITU-T Q.923
      •  + +
+ + + The ISDN network layer is defined in ITU-T + Q.930, also known as I.450 and ITU-T Q.931, also known as I.451. These + standards specify user-to-user, circuit-switched, and packet-switched + connections.

+

+ + + BRI service is provided over a local + copper loop that traditionally carries analog phone service. While + there is only one physical path for a BRI, there are three separate + information paths, 2B+D. Information from the three channels is + multiplexed into the one physical path. + +

+

+ + ISDN physical layer, or Layer 1, frame + formats differ depending on whether the frame is outbound or inbound. + If the frame is outbound, it is sent from the terminal to the network. + Outbound frames use the TE frame format. If the frame is inbound, it + is sent from the network to the terminal. Inbound frames use the NT + frame format. +

+

+ + Each frame contains two sample frames each + containing the following:

+
    +
  • + 8 bits from the B1 + channel +
    • +
  • + 8 bits from the B2 + channel
    • +
  • + 4 bits from the D channel +
    • +
  • + 6 bits of overhead +
    • +
+

+ + ISDN BRI frames contain 48 bits. Four + thousand of + these frames are transmitted every second. Each B channel, B1and B2, + have a capacity of 8*4000 = 64 kbps, while channel D has a capacity of + 4*4000 = 16 kbps. This accounts for 144 kbps of the total ISDN BRI + physical interface bit rate of 192 kbps. The remainder of the data rate + are the overhead bits that are required for transmission.

+

+ + + The overhead bits of an ISDN physical + layer frame are used as follows: + +

+
    +
  • + Framing bit – + Provides synchronization
    • +
  • + Load balancing bit + – Adjusts the average bit value
    • +
  • + Echo of previous D + channel bits – Used for contention resolution when several + terminals on a passive bus contend for a channel
    • +
  • + Activation bit – + Activates devices
    • +
  • + Spare bit – + Unassigned
    • +
+

+ + Note that the physical bit rate for the + BRI interface is 48*4000 = 192 kbps. The effective rate is 144 kbps = 64 kbps + 64 kbps + 16 kbps (2B+D).

+

+ + Layer 2 of the ISDN signaling channel is + LAPD. LAPD is similar to HDLC. LAPD is used across the D channel to + ensure that control and signaling information is received and flows + properly.

+

+ + The LAPD flag and control fields are + identical to those of HDLC. + The LAPD address field is 2 bytes long. + The first address field byte contains the service access point + identifier (SAPI), which identifies the portal at which LAPD services + are provided to Layer 3. The command/response bit (C/R), indicates + whether the frame contains a command or a response. The second byte + contains the terminal endpoint identifier (TEI). Each piece of + terminal equipment on the customer premises needs a unique + identifier. The TEI may be statically assigned at installation, or the + switch may dynamically assign it when the equipment is started up. If the TEI is statically assigned during installation, the TEI + is a number ranging from 0 to 63. Dynamically assigned TEIs range from + 64 to 126. A TEI of 127, or all 1s, indicates a broadcast.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Services Digital Netowrk (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/ isdn.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +    +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d720ec5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d616ece --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8e43535 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.4 + ISDN functions 
+ + + + + + +
+ +

Several exchanges must occur for one + router to connect to another using ISDN. To establish an ISDN call, + the D channel is used between the router and the ISDN switch. Signal + System 7 (SS7) signaling is used between the switches within the + service provider network.

+ +

The D channel between the router and + the ISDN switch is always up. Q.921 describes the ISDN data-link + processes of LAPD, which functions like Layer 2 processes in the OSI + reference model. The D channel is used for call control functions such + as call setup, signaling, and termination. These functions are + implemented in the Q.931 protocol. Q.931 specifies OSI reference model + Layer 3 functions. The Q.931 standard recommends a network layer + connection between the terminal endpoint and the local ISDN switch, + but it does not impose an end-to-end recommendation. Because some ISDN + switches were developed before Q.931 was standardized, the various + ISDN providers and switch types can and do use various implementations + of Q.931. Because switch types are not standard, routers must have + commands in their configuration specifying the ISDN switch to which they + are connecting.

+ +

The following sequence of events occurs + during the establishment of a BRI or PRI call: +

+
    +
  1. The D channel is used to send the + called number to the local ISDN switch. +
    2. +
  2. The local switch uses the SS7 signaling protocol to set up a path + and pass the called number to the remote ISDN switch. +
    3. +
  3. The remote ISDN switch signals the destination over the D + channel.
    4. +
  4. The destination ISDN NT-1 device sends the remote ISDN switch a + call-connect message.
    5. +
  5. The remote ISDN switch uses SS7 to send a call-connect message + to the local switch. +
    6. +
  6. The local ISDN switch connects one B channel end-to-end, leaving + the other B channel available for a new conversation or data + transfer. Both B channels can be used simultaneously. +
    7. +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

Drag and Drop: ISDN Functions

+

When the student has completed this activity, the student + will be able to correctly identify the ISDN establishment cycle.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/isdn.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +      +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..79bd686 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a263bd7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9faf493 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.5 + ISDN reference points 
+ + + + + + +
+ + ISDN standards define functional groups as + devices or pieces of hardware that enable the user to access the + services of the BRI or PRI. Vendors can create hardware that supports + one or more functions. ISDN specifications define four reference + points that connect one ISDN device to another. + Each device + in an ISDN network performs a specific task to facilitate end-to-end + connectivity. +

+ + To connect devices that perform specific + functions, the interface between the two devices needs to be well + defined. These interfaces are called reference points. + The + reference points that affect the customer side of the ISDN connection + are as follows:

+
    +
  • + + R – References the connection + between a non-ISDN compatible device Terminal Equipment type 2 (TE2) and a + Terminal Adapter (TA), + for example an RS-232 serial interface.
    • +
  • + + S – References the points + that connect into the customer switching device Network Termination + type 2 (NT2) and enables + calls between the various types of customer premises equipment.
    • +
  • + + T – Electrically identical to the S + interface, it references the outbound connection from the NT2 to the + ISDN network or Network Termination type 1 (NT1).
    • +
  • + + U – References the connection + between the NT1 and the ISDN network owned by the telephone company.
    • +
+

+ + Because the S and T references are + electrically similar, some interfaces are labeled S/T interfaces. + Although they perform different functions, the port is electrically + the same and can be used for either function.

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

Drag and Drop: ISDN Reference Points

+

When the student has completed this activity, the student + will be able to correctly identify the ISDN reference points.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Servicews Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/isdn.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +   +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b42dbbc --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e6ff410 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0950b32 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.6 + Determining the router ISDN + interface 
+ + + + + + +
+ + In the United States, the customer is + required to provide the NT1. In Europe and various other countries, + the telephone company provides the NT1 function and presents an S/T + interface to the customer. In these configurations, the customer is + not required to supply a separate NT1 device or integrated NT1 + function in the terminal device. Equipment such as router ISDN modules + and interfaces must be ordered accordingly. +

+ + To select a Cisco router with the appropriate ISDN interface, do the + following:

+
    +
  1. Determine whether the router supports ISDN BRI. Look on the back of + the router for a BRI connector or a BRI WAN Interface Card (WIC).
    2. +
  2. Determine the provider of the NT1. An NT1 terminates the local loop + to the central office (CO) of the ISDN service provider. In the United + States, the NT1 is Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), meaning that it + is the responsibility of the customer. In Europe, the service provider + typically supplies the NT1. + +
    3. +
  3. If the NT1 is CPE, make sure the router has a U interface. If the + router has an S/T interface, then it will need an external NT1 to + connect to the ISDN provider. +
    4. +
+

+ + If the router has a connector labeled BRI then it is already + ISDN-enabled. With a native ISDN interface already built in, the + router is a TE1. If the router has a U interface, it also has a + built-in NT1. +

+

+ + If the router does not have a connector labeled BRI, and it is a + fixed-configuration, or non-modular router, then it must use an + existing serial interface. With non-native ISDN interfaces such as + serial interfaces, an external TA device must be + attached to the serial interface to provide BRI connectivity. If the + router is modular it may be possible to upgrade to a native ISDN + interface, providing it has an available slot.

+
+

+ + Caution: A router with a U interface should never be connected to an + NT1 as it will damage the interface.

+
+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)

+ + http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/ + td/doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/ isdn.htm

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +      

+
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0ef962a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_6/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5834902 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3eecb57 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.1 + ISDN Concepts 
  + 4.1.7 + ISDN switch types 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Routers must be configured to identify the + type of switch with which they will communicate. Available ISDN switch + types vary, depending in part on the country in which the switch is + being used. As a consequence of various implementations of Q.931, the D + channel signaling protocol used on ISDN switches varies from vendor to + vendor.

+ + Services offered by ISDN carriers vary + considerably from country to country or region to region. + Like modems, + each switch type operates slightly differently, and has a specific set + of call setup requirements. Before the router can be connected to an + ISDN service, it must be configured for the switch type used at the CO. + This information must be specified during router configuration so the + router can communicate with the switch, place ISDN network level calls, + and send data. +

+

+ + In addition to knowing the switch type the + service provider is using, it may also be necessary to know what service + profile identifiers (SPIDs) are assigned by the telco. A SPID is a + number provided by the ISDN carrier to identify the line configuration + of the BRI service. SPIDs allow multiple ISDN devices, such as voice and + data equipment, to share the local loop. SPIDs are required by DMS-100 + and National ISDN-1 switches.

+

+ + SPIDs are used only in North America and + Japan. The ISDN carrier provides a SPID to identify the line + configuration of the ISDN service. In many cases when configuring a + router, the SPIDs will need to be entered.

+

+ + Each SPID points to line setup and + configuration information. SPIDs are a series of characters that usually + resemble telephone numbers. SPIDs identify each B channel to the switch + at the central office. Once identified, the switch links the available + services to the connection. Remember, ISDN is typically used for dialup + connectivity. The SPIDs are processed when the router initially connects + to the ISDN switch. If SPIDs are necessary, but are not configured + correctly, the initialization will fail, and the ISDN services cannot be + used.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

ISDN Switch Types, Codes, and Values

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1831/ products_command_reference_ chapter09186a00800eea24.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +      +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22e41c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_1_7/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d310abf --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bdd57b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.2 + ISDN Configuration 
  + 4.2.1 + Configuring ISDN BRI 
+ + + + + + +
+ + The command + + + isdn switch-type + switch-type can be configured + at the global or interface command mode to specify the provider ISDN + switch.

+ + Configuring the isdn + switch-type command in the + global configuration mode sets the ISDN switch type identically for + all ISDN interfaces. Individual interfaces may be configured, after + the global configuration command, to reflect an alternate switch type.

+

+ + When the ISDN service is installed, the + service provider will issue information about the switch type and SPIDs. SPIDs are used to define the services available to individual ISDN + subscribers. Depending on the switch type, these SPIDs may have to be + added to the configuration. National ISDN-1 and DMS-100 ISDN switches + require SPIDs to be configured, but the AT&T 5ESS switch does not. + SPIDs must be specified when using the Adtran ISDN simulator.

+

+ + The format of the SPIDs can vary depending + on the ISDN switch type and specific provider requirements. Use the + + + isdn spid1 + and + + + isdn spid2 + interface configuration mode commands to specify the SPID required by + the ISDN network when the router initiates a call to the local ISDN + exchange. +

+

+ + Configuration of ISDN BRI is a mix of + global and interface commands. + To + configure the ISDN switch type, use the + + + isdn switch-type + command in global configuration mode: + +

+
+

+ + Router(config)#isdn switch-type + switch-type + +

+
+

+ + The argument + + + + switch-type + indicates the service provider switch type. To disable the switch on + the ISDN interface, specify isdn + switch-type none. The following + example configures the National ISDN-1 switch type in the global + configuration mode:

+
+

+ + Router(config)#isdn switch-type + basic-ni + +

+
+

+ + To define SPIDs use the + + + isdn spid# + command in interface configuration mode. This command is used to + define the SPID numbers that have been assigned for the B channels: + +

+
+

+ + Router(config-if)#isdn spid1 + spid-number [ldn]
+ Router(config-if)#isdn spid2 spid-number [ldn]

+
+

+ + The optional + + + + ldn + argument defines a local dial directory number. On most switches, the + number must match the called party information coming in from the ISDN + switch. SPIDs are specified in interface configuration mode. To enter + interface configuration mode, use the + + + interface bri + command in the global configuration mode:

+
+

+ + Router(config)#interface bri + slot/port
+ Router(config)#interface bri0/0
+ Router(config-if)#isdn + spid1 51055540000001 + 5554000
+ Router(config-if)#isdn + spid2 51055540010001 + 5554001

+
+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Configuring ISDN BRI (U-Interface)

+

In this lab, the student will configure an ISDN router to make a successful + connection to a local ISDN switch.

+ +

+

+

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring ISDN BRI

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1835/ products_configuration_guide_m chapter09186a00800ca71c.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +      +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b35e342 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..32a34a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2dc95f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.2 + ISDN Configuration 
  + 4.2.2 + Configuring ISDN PRI 
+ + + + + + +
+ +

+ ISDN PRI is delivered over a leased T1 or + E1 line. The main PRI configuration tasks are as follows: +

+
    +
  1. Specify the correct PRI switch + type that the router interfaces with at the CO of + the ISDN provider.
    2. +
  2. Specify the T1/E1 controller, framing type, and line coding for + the facility of the ISDN provider.
    3. +
  3. Set a PRI group timeslot for the T1/E1 facility and indicate the + speed used.
    4. +
+

Because routers connect to PRI using + T1/E1, there is no "interface pri” command. Instead, the physical + interface on the router that connects to the leased line is called a + T1 controller, or an E1 controller, if an E1 line is being used. This + controller must be configured properly in order to communicate with the + carrier network. The ISDN PRI D and PRI B channels are configured + separately from the controller, using the + interface serial command. +

+

Use the + isdn switch-type command to + specify the ISDN switch used by the provider to which the PRI + connects. As with BRI, this command can be issued globally or in + interface configuration mode. The table shows the switch types + available for ISDN PRI configuration: +

+
+

Router(config)#isdn + switch-type + primary-net5

+
+

Configuring a T1 or E1 controller is + done in four parts: +

+
    +
  1. From global configuration mode, + specify the controller and the slot/port in the router where the PRI + card is located: + +

    Router(config)#controller + {t1 | + e1} {slot/port}
    + Router(config-controller)#

    2. +
    + 
  2. Configure the framing, line coding, and clocking, as dictated by + the service provider. The + framing + command is used to select the frame + type used by the PRI service provider. For T1, use the following + command syntax: + +

    Router(config-controller)#framing {sf | esf}

    +     + For E1 lines, use the + framing + command with the following options: + +

    Router(config-controller)#framing {crc4 | no-crc4} + [australia]

    +     + Use the + linecode + command to identify the physical-layer signaling + method on the digital facility of the provider: + +

    Router(config-controller)#linecode {ami | b8zs| + hdb3}

    +     +

    In North America, the B8ZS signaling method is used for T1 carrier + facilities. It allows a full 64 kbps for each ISDN channel. In Europe, + it is typically HDB3 encoding that is used.

    +
    3. +
  3. Configure the specified interface for PRI operation and the number + of fixed timeslots that are allocated on the digital facility of the + provider: + +

    Router(config-controller)#pri-group [timeslots + range]

    + +

    For T1, the range of timeslots used is 1-24. For E1 the range of + timeslots used is 1-31.

    +
    4. +
  4. Specify an interface for PRI D-channel operation. The interface + is a serial interface to a T1/E1 on the router: +

    Router(config)#interface serial{slot/port: | unit:}{23 | 15} +

    5. +
+

Within an E1 or T1 facility, the + channels start numbering at 1. The numbering ranges from 1 to 31 for + E1 and 1 to 24 for T1. Serial interfaces in the Cisco router start + numbering at 0. Therefore, channel 16, the E1 signaling channel, is + channel 15 on the interface. Channel 24, the T1 signaling channel, + becomes channel 23 on the interface. Thus, interface serial 0/0:23 + refers to the D channel of a T1 PRI.

+

Subinterfaces, commonly used with Frame + Relay, are designated with a dot, or period. For example, Serial + 0/0.16 is a subinterface. Do not confuse the channels of a T1 or E1 + with subinterfaces. Channels use a colon instead of a dot to indicate + the channel number:

+
    +
  • S0/0.23 refers to a Subinterface
    • +
  • S0/0:23 refers to a channel +
    • +
+   + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: + + isdn switch-type

+ +

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use the + + isdn switch-type + command.

+ +

+
+     + + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring ISDN PRI

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1835/products_configuration_ + guide_chapter09186a00800ca71d.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +     +

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..063b9cd --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..09d7624 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6aae05f --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.2 + ISDN Configuration 
  + 4.2.3 + Verifying ISDN configuration 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Several + show + commands can be used to verify that the ISDN configuration has been + implemented correctly. +

+ To confirm BRI operations, use the + show isdn status + command to inspect the status of the BRI interfaces. This command can + be used after configuring the ISDN BRI to verify that the TE1, or + router, is communicating correctly with the ISDN switch. In the Figure + output, + the TEIs have been successfully + negotiated and ISDN Layer 3 is ready to make or receive calls.

+

Verify that Layer 1 Status is ACTIVE, + and that the Layer 2 Status state MULTIPLE_FRAME_ESTABLISHED appears. + This command also displays the number of active calls.

+

The + show isdn active + command displays current call information, including all of the + following:

+
    +
  • Called number
    • +
  • Time until the call is disconnected +
    • +
  • Advice of charge (AOC)
    • +
  • Charging units used during the call
    • +
  • Whether the AOC information is + provided during calls or at end of calls
    • +
+

The + show dialer + command displays information about the dialer interface:

+
    +
  • Current call status
    • +
  • Dialup timer values
    • +
  • Dial reason
    • +
  • Remote device that is connected
    • +
+

The + show interface bri0/0 + displays statistics for the BRI interface configured on the router. + Channel specific information is displayed by putting the channel + number at the end of the command. In this case, the + show interface + bri0/0:1 command shows the following:

+
    +
  • The B channel is using PPP + encapsulation.
    • +
  • LCP has negotiated and is open.
    • +
  • There are two NCPs running, IPCP and + + Cisco Discovery Protocol Control Protocol (CDPCP). +
    • +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: + + show isdn status

+ +

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use the + + show isdn status + command to display the status of all ISDN interfaces.

+ +

+
+

    + + + + +

+ + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a2664c --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6554175 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5d49ea1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.2 + ISDN Configuration 
  + 4.2.4 + Troubleshooting the ISDN + configuration 
+ + + + + + + +
+ + The following commands are used to debug and troubleshoot the ISDN + configuration: + +
    +
  • The + + debug isdn q921 + + command shows data link layer, or Layer 2, messages on the D channel + between the router and the ISDN switch. Use this command if the + + show + isdn status + command does not show Layer 1 as ACTIVE and Layer 2 as MULTIPLE_FRAME_ESTABLISHED.
    • +
  • + + The + + debug isdn q931 + command shows the exchange of call setup and teardown messages of + the Layer 3 ISDN connection.
    + The     + + debug ppp authentication + command displays the PPP authentication protocol messages, including + Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) packet exchanges + and Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) exchanges.
    • +
  • + + The + + debug ppp negotiation + command displays information on PPP traffic and exchanges while the + PPP components are negotiated. This includes LCP, + authentication, and NCP exchanges. A + successful PPP negotiation will first open the LCP state, then + authenticate, and finally negotiate NCP.
    • +
  • + + The + + debug ppp error + command displays protocol errors and error statistics associated + with PPP connection negotiation and operation. Use the + + debug ppp + commands to troubleshoot a Layer 2 problem if the + + show isdn status + command does not indicate an ISDN problem.
    • +
+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Troubleshooting ISDN BRI SPIDs

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ + tk801/tk379/technologies_tech_ note09186a0080093c44.shtml

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       + +        + +

+ + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e67d18 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_2_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cbf30af --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f25dc05 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.1 + DDR + operation 
+ + + + + + +
+ Dial-on-demand routing (DDR) is triggered when traffic that matches a predefined set of + criteria is queued to be sent out a DDR-enabled interface. The traffic + that causes a DDR call to be placed is referred to as interesting + traffic. Once the router has transmitted the interesting traffic, the + call is terminated.

The key to efficient DDR operation is in the + definition of interesting traffic. Interesting traffic is defined + with the + + dialer-list + command. Dialer lists can allow all traffic from a specific protocol + to bring up a DDR link, or they can query an access list to see what + specific types of traffic should bring up the link. Dialer lists do not filter + traffic on an interface. Even traffic that is not interesting will be + forwarded if the connection to the destination is active.

+

DDR is implemented in Cisco routers in the following steps:

+
    +
  1. The router receives traffic, performs a routing table lookup to + determine if there is a route to the destination, and identifies the + outbound interface. +
    2. +
  2. If the outbound interface is configured for DDR, the router does a + lookup to determine if the traffic is interesting. +
    3. +
  3. The router identifies the dialing information necessary to make + the call using a dialer map to access the next-hop router. +
    4. +
  4. The router then checks to see if the dialer map is in use. If the + interface is currently connected to the desired remote destination, + the traffic is sent. If the interface is not currently connected to + the remote destination, the router sends call-setup information + through + the BRI using the D channel. +
    5. +
  5. After the link is enabled, the router transmits both interesting + and uninteresting traffic. Uninteresting traffic can include data and + routing updates.
    6. +
  6. The idle timer starts and runs as long as no interesting traffic + is seen during the idle timeout period and disconnects the call based on the idler + timer configuration. +
    7. +
+

The idle timer setting specifies the length of time the router should + remain connected if no interesting traffic has been sent. Once a DDR + connection is established, any traffic to that destination will be + permitted. However, only interesting traffic resets the idle timer.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

DDR

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk801/ tk133/tech_protocol_family_ home.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +       +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dee6b88 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..04ba394 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..935d7a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.2 + Configuring legacy DDR 
+ + + + + + +
+

+ Legacy DDR is a term used to define a very basic DDR configuration in + which a single set of dialer parameters is applied to an interface. If + multiple unique dialer configurations are needed on one interface, + then dialer profiles should be used.

+

To configure legacy DDR perform the + following steps:

+
    +
  • + Define static routes +
    • +
  • + Specify interesting traffic +
    • +
  • + Configure the dialer information +
    • +
+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Configuring Legacy DDR

+

In this lab, the student will configure an ISDN + router to make a Legacy dial-on-demand routing (DDR) call to + another ISDN capable router.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuring Legacy DDR Spokes

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/ + iosswrel/ps1828/ products_configuration_guide_ chapter09186a0080087272.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +    

+
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a9953c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_2/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8752858 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..34622da --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.3 + Defining static routes for DDR 
+ + + + + + +
+ To forward traffic, routers need to know + what route to use for a given destination. When a dynamic routing + protocol is used, the DDR interface will dial the remote site for + every routing update or hello message if these packets are defined as + interesting traffic. To prevent the frequent or constant activation of + the DDR link necessary to support dynamic routing protocols, configure + the necessary routes statically. +

To configure a static route for IP use + the following command:

+
+

Router(config)#ip route + net-prefix mask {address | interface} [distance] + [permanent]

+
+

The Central router has a static route + to network 10.40.0.0 on the Home router. + The Home + router has two static routes defined for the two subnets on the + Central LAN. If the network attached to the Home router is a stub + network, then all non-local traffic should be sent to Central. A + default route is a better choice for the Home router in this instance.

+
+

Home(config)#ip route + 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.0.2

+
+

When configuring static routes, + consider the following:

+
    +
  • By default, a static route will take + precedence over a dynamic route because of its lower administrative + distance. Without additional configuration, a dynamic route to a + network will be ignored if a static route is present in the routing + table for the same network.
    • +
  • To reduce the number of static route + entries, define a summarized or default static route.
    + 
    • +
+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Evaluating Backup Interfaces, Floating Static Routes, and Dialer Watch for DDR Backup

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ + tk801/tk133/technologies_tech_ note09186a008009457d.shtml

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +  

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b42b99 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_3/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..37c1d3b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7534e9a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.4 + Specifying interesting traffic + for DDR 
+ + + + + + +
+

DDR calls are triggered by interesting + traffic. This traffic can be defined as any of the following:

+
    +
  • IP traffic of a particular protocol + type
    • +
  • Packets with a particular source + address or destination
    • +
  • Other criteria as defined by the + network administrator
    • +
+

Use the + dialer-list + command to identify interesting traffic. The command syntax is as + follows:

+
+

Router(config)#dialer-list + dialer-group-num protocol protocol-name + {permit | deny | list access-list-number}

+
+

The + dialer-group-num + is an integer between 1 and 10 that identifies the dialer list to the + router. The command + dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit + will allow all IP traffic to trigger a call. + Instead of + permitting all IP traffic, a dialer list can point to an access list + in order to specify exactly what types of traffic should bring up the + link. The reference to access list 101 in dialer list 2 prevents FTP + and Telnet traffic from activating the DDR link. Any other IP packet is + considered interesting, and will therefore initiate the DDR link.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuration Examples

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk801/ tk133/tech_configuration_ + examples_list.html

+ +

+

+
+
+
+

      + +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6c176aa --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_4/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0940c9d --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4e36294 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.5 + Configuring DDR dialer + information 
+ + + + + + +
There are several steps involved in + configuring the DDR interface. PPP + is configured on the dialer interface using the same commands that + enable PPP on a serial interface. HDLC is the default encapsulation for + an ISDN interface on a Cisco router, but most networks employ PPP for + circuit-switched connections. Because of its robustness, + interoperability, and additional features such as authentication, PPP is + the data link protocol in use on the B channels of most routers. To + configure PPP on the DDR interface use the following commands: +
+

Home(config)#username + Central password cisco
+ Home(config)#interface bri0/0
+ Home(config-if)#encapsulation ppp
+ Home(config-if)#ppp authentication chap
+ Home(config-if)#ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0

+
+

A dialer list specifying the interesting + traffic for this DDR interface needs to be associated with the DDR + interface. This is done using the + dialer-group group-number + command:

+
+

Home(config-if)#dialer-group 1

+
+

In the command, + group-number + specifies the number of the dialer group to which the interface belongs. + The group number can be an integer from 1 to 10. This number must match + the + dialer-list group-number. + Each interface can have only one dialer group. However, the same dialer + list can be assigned to multiple interfaces with the + dialer-group + command.

+

The correct dialing information for the + remote DDR interface needs to be specified. This is done using the + dialer map + command.

+

The + dialer map + command maps the remote protocol address to a telephone number. This + command is necessary to dial multiple sites.

+
+

Router(config-if)#dialer map + protocol + next-hop-address [name hostname] [speed + 56 | + 64] [broadcast] dial-string

+
+

If dialing only one site, use an + unconditional + dialer string + command that always dials the one phone number regardless of the traffic + destination. This step is unique to legacy DDR. Although the information + is always required, the steps to configure destination information are + different when using dialer profiles instead of legacy DDR.

+

The + dialer idle-timeout seconds + command may be used to specify the number of idle seconds before a call + is disconnected. + + The + seconds + represent the number of seconds until a call is disconnected after the + last interesting packet is sent. The default is 120.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuration Examples

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk801/ tk133/tech_configuration_ + examples_list.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +    

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..021d688 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3e54f0d --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7f52400 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.6 + Dialer profiles 
+ + + + + + +
Legacy DDR is limited because the + configuration is applied directly to a physical interface. Since the IP + address is applied directly to the interface, then only DDR interfaces + configured in that specific subnet can establish a DDR connection with + that interface. This means that there is a one-to-one correspondence + between the two DDR interfaces at each end of the link.

+ Dialer profiles remove the configuration + from the interface receiving or making calls and only bind the + configuration to the interface on a per-call basis. Dialer profiles + allow physical interfaces to dynamically take on different + characteristics based on incoming or outgoing call requirements. Dialer + profiles can do all of the following:

+
    +
  • Define encapsulation and access + control lists
    • +
  • Determine minimum or maximum calls
    • +
  • Turn features on or off
    • +
+

Dialer profiles aid in the design and + deployment of more complex and scalable circuit-switched internetworks + by implementing a more scalable DDR model in Cisco routers and access + servers. Dialer profiles separate the logical portion of DDR, such as + the network layer, encapsulation, and dialer parameters, from the + physical interface that places or receives calls. +

+

Using dialer profiles, the following + tasks may be performed:

+
    +
  • Configure B channels of an ISDN + interface with different IP subnets.
    • +
  • Use different encapsulations on the B + channels of an ISDN interface.
    • +
  • Set different DDR parameters for the B + channels of an ISDN interface.
    • +
  • Eliminate the waste of ISDN B channels + by letting ISDN BRIs belong to + multiple dialer pools.
    • +
+

A dialer profile consists of the + following elements: +

+
    +
  • Dialer interface – A logical + entity that uses a per-destination dialer profile.
    • +
  • Dialer pool – Each dialer + interface references a dialer pool, which is a group of one or more + physical interfaces associated with a dialer profile.
    • +
  • Physical interfaces – + Interfaces in a dialer pool are configured for encapsulation + parameters and to identify the dialer pools to which the interface + belongs. PPP authentication, encapsulation type, and multilink PPP are + all configured on the physical interface. +
    • +
+

Like legacy DDR, dialer profiles activate + when interesting traffic is queued to be sent out a DDR interface. + First, an interesting packet is routed to a remote DDR IP address. The router + then checks the configured dialer interfaces for one that shares the + same subnet as the remote DDR IP address. If one exists, the router + looks for an unused physical DDR interface in the dialer pool. The + configuration from the dialer profile is then applied to the interface + and the router attempts to create the DDR connection. When the + connection is terminated, the interface is returned to the dialer pool + for the next call.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Dialer Profiles

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ + tk801/tk133/tk159/ tech_protocol_home.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +  

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9c8b010 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_6/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2024b3f --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22b1b41 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.7 + Configuring dialer profiles 
+ + + + + + +
+ Multiple dialer interfaces may be + configured on a router. Each dialer interface is the complete + configuration for a destination. The + interface dialer command + creates a dialer interface and enters interface configuration mode. +

+

To configure the dialer interface, + perform the following tasks: +

    +
  1. Configure one or more dialer + interfaces with all the basic DDR commands: +
      +
    • IP address
      • +
    • Encapsulation type and authentication
      • +
    • Idle-timer
      • +
    • Dialer-group for interesting traffic
    +
  2. Configure a dialer string and + dialer remote-name to specify the + remote router name and phone number to dial it. The + dialer pool + associates this logical interface with a pool of physical interfaces.
    3. +
  3. Configure the physical interfaces and assign them to a dialer pool + using the dialer pool-member command. +
    4. +
+

An interface can be assigned to multiple + dialer pools by using multiple + dialer pool-member commands. If more than + one physical interface exists in the pool, use the + priority option of + the dialer pool-member command to set the priority of the interface + within a dialer pool. If multiple calls need to be placed and only one + interface is available, then the dialer pool with the highest priority + is the one that dials out.

+

A combination of any of these interfaces + may be used with dialer pools:

+
    +
  • Synchronous Serial
    • +
  • Asynchronous Serial
    • +
  • BRI
    • +
  • PRI
    • +
+

+ + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + + Lab Activity

+ +

Lab Exercise: Configuring Dialer Profiles

+

In this lab, the student will configure ISDN Dialer Profiles on the routers.

+ +

+
+
+ + +     + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Dialer Profiles

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ + tk801/tk133/tk159/ tech_protocol_home.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +     

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6a62962 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_7/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0830b60 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a0d83af --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.8 + Verifying DDR configuration 
+ + + + + + +

+ The + show dialer interface [BRI] + command displays information in the same format as the legacy DDR + statistics on incoming and outgoing calls.

+

+ The message “Dialer state is data link layer up” suggests that the + dialer came up properly and interface BRI 0/0:1 is bound to the profile + dialer1. +

+

+ The + show isdn active + command displays information about the current active ISDN calls. + In this + output, the ISDN call is outgoing to a remote router named Seattle.

+

+ The + show isdn status + command displays information about the three layers of the BRI interface. + In this + output, ISDN Layer 1 is active, ISDN Layer 2 is established with SPID1 + and SPID2 validated, and there is one active connection on Layer 3.

+

+ + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Configuration Examples

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/
+ + tk801/tk133/tech_configuration_
+ + examples_list.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +     

+
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..62a279a --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_8/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed3e206 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1cc95bd --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + 4.3 + DDR Configuration 
  + 4.3.9 + Troubleshooting the DDR + configuration 
+ + + + + + +
There are two major types of DDR + problems. Either a router is not dialing when it should, or it is + constantly dialing when it should not. Several + debug + commands can be used to help troubleshoot problems with a DDR + configuration.

The + debug isdn q921 + command is useful for viewing Layer 2 ISDN call setup exchanges. + The “i =” + field in the Q.921 payload field is the hexadecimal value of a Q.931 + message. In the following lines, the seventh and eighth most significant + hexadecimal numbers in the “i =” field indicate the type of Q.931 + message:

+
    +
  • 0x05 indicates a call setup message +
    • +
  • 0x02 indicates a call proceeding + message
    • +
  • 0x07 indicates a call connect message +
    • +
  • 0x0F indicates a connect + acknowledgment (ack) message
    • +
+

The + debug isdn q931 + command is useful for observing call setup exchanges for both outgoing + and incoming calls. + +

+

The + debug dialer [events | packets] + command is useful for troubleshooting DDR connectivity. The + debug dialer events + command sends a message to the console indicating when a DDR link has + connected and what traffic caused it to connect. + If a router + is not configured correctly for DDR, then the output of the command will + usually indicate the source of the problem. If there is no debug output, + then the router is not aware of any interesting traffic. An incorrectly + configured dialer or access list may be the cause.

+

Not all DDR problems result in an + interface failing to dial. Routing protocols can cause an interface to + continuously dial, even if there is no user data to send. An interface + that is constantly going up and down is said to be flapping. The + debug dialer packet + command sends a message to the console every time a packet is sent out a + DDR interface. Use this debug command to see exactly what traffic is + responsible for a flapping DDR interface.

+

If a router is not connecting when it + should, then it is possible that an ISDN problem is the cause, as + opposed to a DDR problem. The remote router may be incorrectly + configured, or there could be a problem with the ISDN carrier network. + Use the isdn call interface + command to force the local router to attempt to dial into the remote + router. If + the routers cannot communicate using this command, then the lack of + connectivity is an ISDN problem, not a DDR problem. However, if the + routers can communicate, then both the toll network and the ISDN + configurations on the routers are working properly. In this case, the + problem is most likely an error in the DDR configuration on either + router.

+

In some cases it is useful to reset the + connection between the router and the local ISDN switch. The + clear interface bri + command clears currently established connections on the interface and + resets the interface with the ISDN switch. This command forces the + router to renegotiate its SPIDs with the + ISDN switch, and is sometimes necessary after making changes to the + isdn spid1 + and isdn spid2 + commands on an interface.

+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + + + Lab Activity

+ +

e-Lab Activity: + + isdn spid

+ +

In this activity, the student will demonstrate how to use the + + isdn spid + command to define at the router the service profiles identifier + number that was assigned by the ISDN service provided for the B1 + channel.

+ +

+
+     + + + + + +
+ + + + + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +
  +

+ + Web Links

+ + +

Tech Notes

+ + http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/ + tk801/tk133/ tech_tech_notes_ ist.html

+ +

+

+
+
+

+       +      

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26fbd60 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_3_9/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4ee23b --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26cf0a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + + + + + + +Content + + + + + + + + + + +
+ Summary
+ + + + + + +
+ + ISDN refers to a set of communication + protocols proposed by telephone companies to permit telephone networks + to carry integrated voice, video, and data services. ISDN permits + communication over high-quality, high-speed, digital communication + channels. +

DDR is used in order to save the costs + of a dedicated WAN line for organizations and companies that do not + need a permanent connection. It can also be used as a backup by + organizations that use the dedicated line for critical applications. +

+

An understanding of the following key + points should have been achieved:

+
    +
  • ISDN carries data, voice, and video
    • +
  • ISDN uses standards for addressing, + concepts, and signaling
    • +
  • ISDN uses the physical and data-link + layers
    • +
  • Interfaces and reference points for + ISDN
    • +
  • Router configuration for ISDN
    • +
  • Which traffic is allowed when + configuring DDR
    • +
  • Static routes for DDR
    • +
  • The correct encapsulation type for + DDR
    • +
  • Access lists affecting DDR traffic
    • +
  • Dialer interfaces
    • +
+

   +

+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0eaf5b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ + + + + +Cisco Global Learning Network + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e5bba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/4_4_1/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ + + + + + + +Flash Graphic + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4394dc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e45a96 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_2_1/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ + + + + +New Page 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..50277e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..963ad2c --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_2/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ + + + + +New Page 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..917ef33 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  + + + + + + +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6588034 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/lab4_3_7/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ + + + + +New Page 2 + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/main.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/main.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..058fa92 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch4/main.html @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ + + + + +Cisco Networking Academy Program + + + + + + + + + + + + + <body> + + <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p> + + </body> + + + + \ No newline at end of file -- cgit v1.2.3