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From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/buttons.html | 107 +++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html | 175 +++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/index.html | 29 ++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/media.html | 21 +++ 4 files changed, 332 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/buttons.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/index.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/media.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4aafcf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

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+ +	6.1		+ Workstations and Servers
	+ 6.1.2		+ Servers

+ + + + + + +

+ + + In a network operating system environment, many client systems access + and share the resources of one or more servers. +

Desktop client systems + are equipped with their own memory and peripheral devices, such as a + keyboard, monitor, and a disk drive. Server systems must be + equipped to support multiple concurrent users and multiple tasks as + clients make demands on the server for remote resources. +

+ Network operating systems have additional network management tools and + features that are designed to support access by large numbers of + simultaneous users. On all but the smallest networks, NOSs are + installed on powerful servers. Many users, known as clients, share + these servers. Servers usually have high-capacity, high-speed disk + drives, large amounts of RAM, high-speed NICs, and in some cases, + multiple CPUs. These servers are typically configured to use the + Internet family of protocols, TCP/IP, and offer one or more TCP/IP + services.

Servers running NOSs are also used to authenticate users and + provide access to shared resources. These servers are designed to + handle requests from many clients simultaneously. Before a client can + access the server resources, the client must be identified and be + authorized to use the resource. Identification and authorization is + achieved by assigning each client an account name and password. The + account name and password are then verified by an authentication + service to permit or deny access to the network. By + centralizing user accounts, security, and access control, server-based + networks simplify the work of network administration.

Servers are typically larger systems than workstations and have + additional memory to support multiple tasks that are active or + resident in memory at the same time. Additional disk space is also required on servers to + hold shared files and to function as an extension to the internal + memory on the system. Also, servers typically require extra expansion + slots on their system boards to connect shared devices, such as + printers and multiple network interfaces.

Another feature of systems capable of acting as servers is the + processing power. Ordinarily, computers have a single CPU, which + executes the instructions that make up a given task or process. In + order to work efficiently and deliver fast responses to client + requests, a NOS server requires a powerful CPU to execute its tasks + or programs. Single processor systems with one CPU can meet the needs + of most servers if the CPU has the necessary speed. To achieve higher + execution speeds, some systems are equipped with more than one + processor. Such systems are called multiprocessor systems. + Multiprocessor systems are capable of executing multiple tasks in + parallel by assigning each task to a different processor. The + aggregate amount of work that the server can perform in a given time + is greatly enhanced in multiprocessor systems. +

Since servers function as central repositories of resources that + are vital to the operation of client systems, these servers must be efficient + and robust. The term robust indicates that + the server systems are able to function effectively under heavy loads. + It also means the systems are able to survive the failure of one or + more processes or components without experiencing a general system + failure. This objective is met by building redundancy into server + systems. Redundancy is the inclusion of additional hardware components + that can take over if other components fail. Redundancy is a feature + of fault tolerant systems that are designed to survive failures and + can be repaired without interruption while the systems are up and + running. Because a NOS depends on the continuous operation of its + server, the extra hardware components justify the additional expense. +

Server applications and functions include web services using + Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and + Domain Name System (DNS). Standard e-mail protocols supported by + network servers include Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Post + Office Protocol 3 (POP3), and Internet Messaging Access Protocol (IMAP). + File sharing protocols include Sun Microsystems Network File System (NFS) + and Microsoft Server Message Block (SMB). +

Network servers frequently provide print services. A server + may also provide Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which + automatically allocates IP addresses to client workstations. In addition + to running services for the clients on the network, servers can be set + to act as a basic firewall for the network. This is accomplished using + proxy or Network Address Translation (NAT), both of which hide + internal private network addresses from the Internet. +

One server running a NOS may work well when serving only a handful + of clients. But most organizations must deploy several servers in + order to achieve acceptable performance. A typical design separates + services so one server is responsible for e-mail, another server is + responsible for file sharing, and another is responsible for FTP.

The concentration of network resources, such as files, printers, + and applications on servers, also makes the data generated easier to + back up and maintain. Rather than have these resources distributed + on individual machines, network resources can be located on + specialized, dedicated servers for easy access and back up.

+ + + + +

+ + + + + +

+ + + + Interactive Media Activity

+ +

PhotoZoom: Server Components

In this + PhotoZoom, the student will view components inside a server.

+ +

+ + +

+ +

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