From 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sven Eisenhauer Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2023 15:11:48 +0100 Subject: add new repo --- Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/buttons.html | 108 ++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/content.html | 155 +++++++++++++++++++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/index.html | 29 ++++ Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/media.html | 21 +++ 4 files changed, 313 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/buttons.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/content.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/index.html create mode 100644 Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/media.html (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8') diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82601de --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_8/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +New Page 1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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+ + 6.1 + Workstations and Servers 
  + 6.1.8 + Concept of service on servers 
+ + + + + + +
+ + Networking operating systems (NOSs) are + designed to provide network processes to clients. Network + services include the World Wide Web (WWW), file sharing, mail + exchange, directory services, remote management, and print services. + Remote management is a powerful service that allows administrators to + configure networked systems that are miles apart. It is important to + understand that these network processes are referred to as services in + Windows 2000 and daemons in UNIX and Linux. Network + processes all provide the same functions, but the way + processes are loaded and interact with the NOS are different in each + operating system. + + +

+ Depending on the NOS, some of these key + network processes may be enabled during a default installation. Most + popular network processes rely on the TCP/IP suite of protocols. + Because TCP/IP is an open, well-known set of protocols, TCP/IP-based + services are vulnerable to unauthorized scans and malicious + attacks. Denial of service (DoS) attacks, computer viruses, and + fast-spreading Internet worms have forced NOS designers to reconsider + which network services are started automatically.

+

Recent versions of popular NOSs, such + as Windows 2000 and Red Hat Linux 7, restrict the number of network + services that are on by default. When deploying a NOS, key network + services will need to be enabled manually.

+

When a user decides to print in a + networked printing environment, the job is sent to the appropriate + queue for the selected printer. Print queues stack the incoming print + jobs and services them using a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order. When a job is added to the queue, it is placed at the end of the + waiting list and printed last. The printing wait time can sometimes be long, + depending on the size of the print jobs at the head of the queue. A network print service will provide system administrators with the + necessary tools to manage the large number of print jobs being routed + throughout the network. This includes the ability to prioritize, + pause, and even delete print jobs that are waiting to be printed.

+

File sharing
+ The ability to share files over a network is an important network + service. There are many file sharing protocols and applications in use + today. Within a corporate or home network, files are typically shared + using Windows File Sharing or the Network File Sharing (NFS) protocol. + In such environments, an end user may not even know if a given file is + on a local hard disk or on a remote server. Windows File Sharing and + NFS allow users to easily move, create, and delete files in remote + directories.

+

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
+ Many organizations make files available to remote employees, to + customers, and to the general public using FTP. FTP services are + made available to the public in conjunction with web services. For + example, a user may browse a website, read about a software update on + a web page, and then download the update using FTP. Smaller companies + may use a single server to provide FTP and HTTP services, while larger + companies may choose to use dedicated FTP servers.

+

Although FTP clients must logon, many + FTP servers are configured to allow anonymous access. When users + access a server anonymously, they do not need to have a user account + on the system. The FTP protocol also allows users to upload, rename, + and delete files, so administrators must be careful to configure an + FTP server to control levels of access.

+

FTP is a session-oriented protocol. + Clients must open an application layer session with the server, + authenticate, and then perform an action, such as download or upload. + If the client session is inactive for a certain length of time, the + server disconnects the client. This inactive length of time is called + an idle timeout. The length of an FTP idle timeout varies depending on + the software.

+

Web services
+ The World Wide Web is now the most visible network service. In less + than a decade, the World Wide Web has become a global network of + information, commerce, education, and entertainment. Millions of + companies, organizations, and individuals maintain websites on the + Internet. Websites are collections of web pages stored on a server or + group of servers.

+

The World Wide Web is based on a + client/server model. Clients attempt to establish TCP sessions with + web servers. Once a session is established, a client can request data + from the server. HTTP typically governs client requests and server + transfers. Web client software includes GUI web browsers, such as + Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer.

+

Web pages are hosted on computers + running web service software. The two most common web server software + packages are Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) and Apache + Web Server. Microsoft IIS runs on a Windows platform and Apache Web + Server runs on UNIX and Linux platforms. A Web + service software package is available for virtually all operating systems currently in + production.

+

Domain Name System (DNS)
+ The Domain Name System (DNS) protocol translates an Internet name, + such as www.cisco.com, into an IP address. Many applications rely on + the directory services provided by DNS to do this work. Web browsers, + e-mail programs, and file transfer programs all use the names of + remote systems. The DNS protocol allows these clients to make requests + to DNS servers in the network for the translation of names to IP + addresses. Applications can then use the addresses to send their + messages. Without this directory lookup service, the Internet would be + almost impossible to use.

+

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol + (DHCP)
+ The purpose of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is to enable + individual computers on an IP network to learn their TCP/IP + configurations from the DHCP server or servers. DHCP servers + have no information about the individual computers until + information is requested. The overall purpose of this is to reduce the + work necessary to administer a large IP network. The most significant + piece of information distributed in this manner is the IP address that + identifies the host on the network. DHCP also allows for recovery and + the ability to automatically renew network IP addresses through a + leasing mechanism. This mechanism allocates an IP address for a + specific time period, releases it, and then assigns a new IP address. DHCP allows all this to be done by a DHCP server which saves the + system administrator considerable amount of time.

+

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