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authorSven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net>2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100
committerSven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net>2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100
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+<html>
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+<title>Content</title>
+<base target="_self">
+</head>
+
+<body background="../../images/bg.gif" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" onLoad="window.focus();" link="#808080" vlink="#808080" alink="#808080">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" height="53">
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="18" valign="top" height="28">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/content_lines.gif" width="16" height="25">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="2" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" height="28"><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF"><b>2.1</b></font></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" height="28"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%" height="28"><strong>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">WAN Technologies Overview</font></strong></td>
+ <td width="9" bgcolor="#336666" height="28">&nbsp;</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="18">&nbsp;</td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">
+ 2.1.1</font></b></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="100%"><strong>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">WAN technology</font></strong></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="9">&nbsp; </td>
+ </tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="95%" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <tr>
+ <td width="15"></td>
+ <td>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ A WAN is a data communications network that operates beyond the
+ geographic scope of a LAN. One primary difference between a WAN and a
+ LAN is that a company or organization must subscribe to an outside WAN
+ service provider in order to use WAN carrier network services. A WAN uses data
+ links provided by carrier services to access the Internet and connect
+ the locations of an organization to each other, to locations of other
+ organizations, to external services, and to remote users. WANs
+ generally carry a variety of traffic types, such as voice, data, and
+ video. Telephone and data services are the most commonly used WAN
+ services.</font><p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">Devices on the subscriber premises are
+ called customer premises equipment (CPE).
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/1.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> The
+ subscriber owns the CPE or leases the CPE from the service provider. A
+ copper or fiber cable connects the CPE to the service provider’s
+ nearest exchange or central office (CO). This cabling is often called
+ the local loop, or &quot;last-mile&quot;. A dialed call is connected locally to
+ other local loops, or non-locally through a trunk to a primary center.
+ It then goes to a sectional center and on to a regional or
+ international carrier center as the call travels to its destination.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/2.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ In order for the local loop to carry data, a device such as a modem is
+ needed to prepare the data for transmission. Devices that put data on
+ the local loop are called data circuit-terminating equipment, or data
+ communications equipment (DCE). The customer devices that pass the
+ data to the DCE are called data terminal equipment (DTE).
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/3.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> The DCE
+ primarily provides an interface for the DTE into the communication
+ link on the WAN cloud. The DTE/DCE interface uses various physical
+ layer protocols, such as High-Speed Serial Interface (HSSI) and V.35. These protocols establish the codes and
+ electrical parameters the devices use to communicate with each other.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/4.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ WAN links are provided at various speeds measured in bits per second
+ (bps), kilobits per second (kbps or 1000 bps), megabits per second
+ (Mbps or 1000 kbps) or gigabits per second (Gbps or 1000 Mbps). The
+ bps values are generally full duplex. This means that an E1 line can
+ carry 2 Mbps, or a T1 can carry 1.5 Mbps, in each direction
+ simultaneously.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/5.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></p>
+ <p>
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD valign="top">
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#669999" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD width="5">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/lab_toplft.gif" width="116" height="23"></TD>
+ <TD><IMG alt="" height="1" width="3" src="../../images/s.gif"></TD><TD align="right" valign="top">
+ <IMG alt="" src="../../images/corner_ur_7.gif" width="7" height="7"></TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD>
+ <TABLE width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <TR>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff" width="15">&nbsp;</TD>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff"><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000">
+ <p><font color="#808080">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/links_icon.gif" width="25" height="25">
+ <b>Web Links</b></font></p>
+ </font><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#808080">
+
+ <p>Introduction to WAN Technologies<p>
+ <a target="_blank" href="http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/introwan.htm">
+ http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/
+ doc/ cisintwk/ito_doc/ introwan.htm</a></font></p>
+
+ <p>
+ <IMG alt="" height="2" width="1" src="../../images/s.gif"></p>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE><p>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ </font>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+
+</body>
+
+</html> \ No newline at end of file