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| author | Sven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net> | 2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Sven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net> | 2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100 |
| commit | 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b (patch) | |
| tree | 670b842326116b376b505ec2263878912fca97e2 /Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html | |
| download | Studium-master.tar.gz Studium-master.tar.bz2 | |
Diffstat (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html | 175 |
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diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8e7c7be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch6/6_1_2/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ +<html>
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+<title>Content</title>
+<base target="_self">
+</head>
+
+<body background="../../images/bg.gif" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" onLoad="window.focus();" link="#808080" vlink="#808080" alink="#808080">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="18" valign="top">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/content_lines.gif" width="16" height="25">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="2" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">6.1</b></font></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">
+ <strong>Workstations and Servers</strong> </font></b></td>
+ <td width="9" bgcolor="#336666"> </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="18"> </td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25"><b>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">6.1.2</font></b></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="100%"><b>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">Servers</font></b></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="9"> </td>
+ </tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="95%" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <tr>
+ <td width="15"></td>
+ <td>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ In a network operating system environment, many client systems access
+ and share the resources of one or more servers.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/1.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> Desktop client systems
+ are equipped with their own memory and peripheral devices, such as a
+ keyboard, monitor, and a disk drive. Server systems must be
+ equipped to support multiple concurrent users and multiple tasks as
+ clients make demands on the server for remote resources.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/2.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"><p>
+ Network operating systems have additional network management tools and
+ features that are designed to support access by large numbers of
+ simultaneous users. On all but the smallest networks, NOSs are
+ installed on powerful servers. Many users, known as clients, share
+ these servers. Servers usually have high-capacity, high-speed disk
+ drives, large amounts of RAM, high-speed NICs, and in some cases,
+ multiple CPUs. These servers are typically configured to use the
+ Internet family of protocols, TCP/IP, and offer one or more TCP/IP
+ services.</p>
+ <p>Servers running NOSs are also used to authenticate users and
+ provide access to shared resources. These servers are designed to
+ handle requests from many clients simultaneously. Before a client can
+ access the server resources, the client must be identified and be
+ authorized to use the resource. Identification and authorization is
+ achieved by assigning each client an account name and password. The
+ account name and password are then verified by an authentication
+ service to permit or deny access to the network. By
+ centralizing user accounts, security, and access control, server-based
+ networks simplify the work of network administration. </p>
+ <p>Servers are typically larger systems than workstations and have
+ additional memory to support multiple tasks that are active or
+ resident in memory at the same time. Additional disk space is also required on servers to
+ hold shared files and to function as an extension to the internal
+ memory on the system. Also, servers typically require extra expansion
+ slots on their system boards to connect shared devices, such as
+ printers and multiple network interfaces.</p>
+ <p>Another feature of systems capable of acting as servers is the
+ processing power. Ordinarily, computers have a single CPU, which
+ executes the instructions that make up a given task or process. In
+ order to work efficiently and deliver fast responses to client
+ requests, a NOS server requires a powerful CPU to execute its tasks
+ or programs. Single processor systems with one CPU can meet the needs
+ of most servers if the CPU has the necessary speed. To achieve higher
+ execution speeds, some systems are equipped with more than one
+ processor. Such systems are called multiprocessor systems.
+ Multiprocessor systems are capable of executing multiple tasks in
+ parallel by assigning each task to a different processor. The
+ aggregate amount of work that the server can perform in a given time
+ is greatly enhanced in multiprocessor systems.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/3.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></p>
+ <p>Since servers function as central repositories of resources that
+ are vital to the operation of client systems, these servers must be efficient
+ and robust. The term robust indicates that
+ the server systems are able to function effectively under heavy loads.
+ It also means the systems are able to survive the failure of one or
+ more processes or components without experiencing a general system
+ failure. This objective is met by building redundancy into server
+ systems. Redundancy is the inclusion of additional hardware components
+ that can take over if other components fail. Redundancy is a feature
+ of fault tolerant systems that are designed to survive failures and
+ can be repaired without interruption while the systems are up and
+ running. Because a NOS depends on the continuous operation of its
+ server, the extra hardware components justify the additional expense.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/4.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></p>
+ <p>Server applications and functions include web services using
+ Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and
+ Domain Name System (DNS). Standard e-mail protocols supported by
+ network servers include Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Post
+ Office Protocol 3 (POP3), and Internet Messaging Access Protocol (IMAP).
+ File sharing protocols include Sun Microsystems Network File System (NFS)
+ and Microsoft Server Message Block (SMB).
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/5.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></p>
+ <p>Network servers frequently provide print services. A server
+ may also provide Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), which
+ automatically allocates IP addresses to client workstations. In addition
+ to running services for the clients on the network, servers can be set
+ to act as a basic firewall for the network. This is accomplished using
+ proxy or Network Address Translation (NAT), both of which hide
+ internal private network addresses from the Internet.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/6.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></p>
+ <p>One server running a NOS may work well when serving only a handful
+ of clients. But most organizations must deploy several servers in
+ order to achieve acceptable performance. A typical design separates
+ services so one server is responsible for e-mail, another server is
+ responsible for file sharing, and another is responsible for FTP.</p>
+ <p>The concentration of network resources, such as files, printers,
+ and applications on servers, also makes the data generated easier to
+ back up and maintain. Rather than have these resources distributed
+ on individual machines, network resources can be located on
+ specialized, dedicated servers for easy access and back up.</p>
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD valign="top">
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#669999" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD width="5">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/lab_toplft.gif" width="116" height="23"></TD>
+ <TD><IMG alt="" height="1" width="3" src="../../images/s.gif"></TD><TD align="right" valign="top">
+ <IMG alt="" src="../../images/corner_ur_7.gif" width="7" height="7"></TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD>
+ <TABLE width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <TR>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff" width="15"> </TD>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff"><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000">
+ <p><font color="#808080">
+ <a href="javascript:void(0)" onClick="window.open('../zoom6_1_2/zoom6_1_2.html','Interactivity','width=740,height=390,toolbar=0,resizable=yes,scrollbars=0,screenX=26,screenY=38,left=26,top=38');">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/media_icon.gif" width="25" height="25"></a> <b>
+ <a onClick="window.open('../zoom6_1_2/zoom6_1_2.html','Interactivity','width=740,height=390,toolbar=0,resizable=yes,scrollbars=0,screenX=26,screenY=38,left=26,top=38');" href="javascript:void(0)">
+ Interactive Media Activity</a></b></font></p>
+ </font><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#808080">
+ <p>PhotoZoom: Server Components</p>
+ <p>In this
+ PhotoZoom, the student will view components inside a server.</p>
+ </font><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000">
+ <p><IMG alt="" height="2" width="1" src="../../images/s.gif"></p></TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+
+
+ <p>
+ </font>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+
+</body>
+
+</html>
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