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| author | Sven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net> | 2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Sven Eisenhauer <sven@sven-eisenhauer.net> | 2023-11-10 15:11:48 +0100 |
| commit | 33613a85afc4b1481367fbe92a17ee59c240250b (patch) | |
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+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+<title>Content</title>
+<base target="_self">
+</head>
+
+<body background="../../images/bg.gif" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" onLoad="window.focus();" link="#808080" vlink="#808080" alink="#808080">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="18" valign="top">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/content_lines.gif" width="16" height="25">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="2" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">6.1</b></font></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">
+ <b>Workstations and Servers</b></font></b></td>
+ <td width="9" bgcolor="#336666"> </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="18"> </td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25"><b>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">6.1.4</font></b></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="100%"><strong>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">Introduction to NOS</font></strong></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="9"> </td>
+ </tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="95%" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <tr>
+ <td width="15"></td>
+ <td>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial">A computer operating system (OS) is the
+ software foundation on which computer applications and services run on
+ a workstation. Similarly, a network operating system (NOS) enables
+ communication between multiple devices and the sharing of resources
+ across a network. A NOS operates on UNIX, Microsoft Windows NT, or
+ Windows 2000 network servers.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/1.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></font><p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">Common functions of an OS on a workstation
+ include controlling the computer hardware, executing programs and
+ providing a user interface. The OS performs these functions for a
+ single user. Multiple users can share the machine but they cannot log
+ on at the same time. In contrast, a NOS distributes functions over a
+ number of networked computers. A NOS depends on the services of the
+ native OS in each individual computer. The NOS then adds functions
+ that allow access to shared resources by a number of users
+ concurrently. </font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial">Workstations function as clients in a NOS
+ environment. When a workstation becomes a client in a NOS environment,
+ additional specialized software enables the local user to access
+ non-local or remote resources, as if these resources were a part of
+ the local system. The NOS enhances the reach of the client workstation
+ by making remote services available as extensions of the local
+ operating system. </font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">A system capable of operating as a NOS
+ server must be able to support multiple users concurrently. The
+ network administrator creates an account for each user, allowing the
+ user to logon and connect to the server system. The user account on
+ the server enables the server to authenticate that user and allocate
+ the resources that the user is allowed to access. Systems that provide
+ this capability are called multi-user systems.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">A NOS server is a multitasking system,
+ capable of executing multiple tasks or processes at the same time. The
+ NOS scheduling software allocates internal processor time, memory, and
+ other elements of the system to different tasks in a way that allows
+ them to share the system resources. Each user on the multi-user system
+ is supported by a separate task or process internally on the server.
+ These internal tasks are created dynamically as users connect to the
+ system and are deleted when users disconnect.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">The main features to consider when
+ selecting a NOS are performance, management and monitoring tools,
+ security, scalability, and robustness or fault tolerance. The
+ following section briefly defines each of these features.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/2.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial"><b>Performance</b><br>
+ A NOS must perform well at reading and writing files across the
+ network between clients and servers. It must be able to maintain fast
+ performance under heavy loads, when many clients
+ are making requests. Consistent performance under heavy demand is an
+ important standard for a NOS.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial"><b>Management and monitoring</b><br>
+ The management interface on the NOS server provides the tools for
+ server monitoring, client administration, file, print, and disk
+ storage management. The management interface provides tools for the
+ installation of new services and the configuration of those services.
+ Additionally, servers require regular monitoring and adjustment.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial"><b>Security</b><br>
+ A NOS must protect the shared resources under its control. Security
+ includes authenticating user access to services to prevent
+ unauthorized access to the network resources. Security also performs
+ encryption to protect information as it travels between
+ clients and servers.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial"><b>Scalability</b><br>
+ Scalability is the ability of a NOS to grow without degradation in
+ performance. The NOS must be capable of sustaining performance as new
+ users join the network and new servers are added to support them.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font size="2" face="Arial"><b>Robustness/fault tolerance</b><br>
+ A measure of robustness is the ability to deliver services
+ consistently under heavy load and to sustain its services if
+ components or processes fail. Using redundant disk devices and
+ balancing the workload across multiple servers can improve NOS
+ robustness.</font></p>
+ <p><font face="Arial" size="2"> </font>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+
+</body>
+
+</html>
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