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+<html>
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+
+
+
+<title>Content</title>
+<base target="_self">
+</head>
+
+<body background="../../images/bg.gif" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" onLoad="window.focus();">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
+  <tr>
+    <td bgcolor="#336666"><img border="0" src="../../images/content_lines.gif" width="16" height="25"><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#000000"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif"
+    width="2" height="1"></font></td>
+    <td width="100%" bgcolor="#336666"><b>
+    <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">Summary</font></b></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="95%" bordercolor="#111111">
+      <tr>
+        <td width="15"></td>
+        <td>
+
+          <p><font face="Arial" size="2">
+          An understanding of the following key points should 
+          have been achieved:</font><ul>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            Private addresses are for private, internal use and should never be 
+            routed by a public Internet router.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            NAT alters the IP header of a packet so that the destination 
+            address, the source address, or both addresses are replaced with 
+            different addresses.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            PAT uses unique source port numbers on the inside global IP address 
+            to distinguish between translations.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            NAT translations can occur dynamically or statically and can be used 
+            for a variety of uses.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            NAT and PAT may be configured for static translation, dynamic 
+            translation, and overloading.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            The process for verifying NAT and PAT configuration include the </font>
+            <font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>clear</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            and </font><font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>show</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            commands.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            The  </font><font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>debug ip nat</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            command is used for troubleshooting NAT and PAT 
+          configuration.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            NAT has advantages and disadvantages.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            DHCP works in a client/server mode, enabling clients to obtain IP 
+          configurations from a DHCP server.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            BOOTP is the predecessor of DHCP and shares some operational 
+          characteristics with DHCP, but BOOTP is not dynamic.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">A DHCP server manages pools of IP 
+            addresses and associated parameters. Each pool is dedicated to an 
+            individual logical IP subnet.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            The DHCP client configuration process has four steps.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            Usually, a DCHP server is configured to assign more than IP 
+          addresses.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            The  </font><font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>show ip dhcp binding</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            command is used to verify DHCP operation.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            The  </font><font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>debug ip dhcp server events</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            command is used for troubleshooting DHCP.</font></li>
+            <li><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            When a DHCP server and a client are not on the same segment and are 
+          separated by a router, the  </font><font face="Courier New" size="2">
+            <b>ip helper-address</b></font><font face="Arial" size="2">
+            command is used to relay 
+          broadcast requests.</font></li>
+            </ul>
+
+          <p><font face="Arial" size="2">&nbsp; </font></td>
+      </tr>
+    </table>
+
+</body>
+
+</html>
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