diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5')
| -rw-r--r-- | Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/buttons.html | 110 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/content.html | 170 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/index.html | 29 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/media.html | 21 |
4 files changed, 330 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/buttons.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/buttons.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e29224 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/buttons.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +<html>
+
+<head>
+
+
+
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+
+
+
+<title>New Page 1</title>
+<script language="JavaScript" src="../../javascript/buttons.js"></script>
+
+
+<script language="JavaScript">
+
+<!--
+
+if (document.images) {
+ image1on = new Image();
+ image1on.src = "../../images/index_ov.gif";
+
+ image2on = new Image();
+ image2on.src = "../../images/glossary_ov.gif";
+
+ image3on = new Image();
+ image3on.src = "../../images/back_ov.gif";
+
+ image4on = new Image();
+ image4on.src = "../../images/next_ov.gif";
+
+ image5on = new Image();
+ image5on.src = "../../images/quiz_ov.gif";
+
+ image1off = new Image();
+ image1off.src = "../../images/index_up.gif";
+
+ image2off = new Image();
+ image2off.src = "../../images/glossary_up.gif";
+
+ image3off = new Image();
+ image3off.src = "../../images/back_up.gif";
+
+ image4off = new Image();
+ image4off.src = "../../images/next_up.gif";
+
+ image5off = new Image();
+ image5off.src = "../../images/quiz_up.gif";
+
+ image1hint = new Image();
+ image1hint.src = "../../images/menu_index.gif";
+
+ image2hint = new Image();
+ image2hint.src = "../../images/menu_glossary.gif";
+
+ image3hint = new Image();
+ image3hint.src = "../../images/menu_back.gif";
+
+ image4hint = new Image();
+ image4hint.src = "../../images/menu_next.gif";
+
+ image5hint = new Image();
+ image5hint.src = "../../images/menu_quiz.gif";
+
+ imageHint = new Image();
+ imageHint.src = "../../images/menu_up.gif";
+}
+
+function changeImages() {
+ if (document.images) {
+ for (var i=0; i<changeImages.arguments.length; i+=2) {
+ document[changeImages.arguments[i]].src = eval(changeImages.arguments[i+1] + ".src");
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// -->
+</script>
+
+
+<base target="_self">
+
+
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#cccccc" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" height="48" width="100%" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%" height="48" align="right"><font color="#FFFFFF" size="2" face="Arial"><b> </b></font>
+ <img name="hint" border="0" src="../../images/menu_up.gif" width="136" height="19"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" align="left" height="48"><a onMouseOver="changeImages('image1', 'image1on'); changeImages('hint', 'image1hint');" onMouseOut="changeImages('image1', 'image1off'); changeImages('hint', 'imageHint');" href="javascript:openIndex('ch5');">
+ <img name="image1" border="0" src="../../images/index_up.gif" width="31" height="48"></a></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" align="left" height="48"><a onMouseOver="changeImages('image5', 'image5on'); changeImages('hint', 'image5hint');" onMouseOut="changeImages('image5', 'image5off'); changeImages('hint', 'imageHint');" href="javascript:openQuiz('ch05');">
+ <img name="image5" border="0" src="../../images/quiz_up.gif" width="31" height="48"></a></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" align="left" height="48"><a href="javascript:openGlossary();" onMouseOver="changeImages('image2', 'image2on'); changeImages('hint', 'image2hint');" onMouseOut="changeImages('image2', 'image2off'); changeImages('hint', 'imageHint');">
+ <img name="image2" border="0" src="../../images/glossary_up.gif" width="31" height="48"></a></td>
+
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" valign="middle" align="left" height="48">
+ <a target="main" onMouseOver="changeImages('image3', 'image3on'); changeImages('hint', 'image3hint');" onMouseOut="changeImages('image3', 'image3off'); changeImages('hint', 'imageHint');" href="../5_1_4/index.html">
+ <img name="image3" border="0" src="../../images/back_up.gif" width="30" height="48"></a></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%" valign="middle" height="48">
+ <a target="main" onMouseOver="changeImages('image4', 'image4on'); changeImages('hint', 'image4hint');" onMouseOut="changeImages('image4', 'image4off'); changeImages('hint', 'imageHint');" href="../5_1_6/index.html">
+ <img name="image4" border="0" src="../../images/next_up.gif" width="30" height="48"></a></td>
+ <td height="48"><img border="0" src="../../images/menu_bar.gif" width="15" height="48"></td>
+ </tr>
+</table>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/content.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/content.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..68ac54e --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/content.html @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ +<html>
+
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+<title>Content</title>
+<base target="_self">
+</head>
+
+<body background="../../images/bg.gif" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" onLoad="window.focus();" link="#808080" vlink="#808080" alink="#808080">
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="18" valign="top">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/content_lines.gif" width="16" height="25">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="2" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">5</font></b><font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF"><b>.1</b></font></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#336666" width="100%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p>
+ <font size="2" color="#FFFFFF">Frame Relay Concepts</font>
+ </o:p>
+ </span></b></td>
+ <td width="9" bgcolor="#336666"> </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="18"> </td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25"><b>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">5.1.5</font></b></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999"><img border="0" src="../../images/transdot.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="100%"><strong>
+ <font face="Arial" size="2" color="#FFFFFF">Frame Relay address mapping and
+ topology</font></strong></td>
+ <td bgcolor="#669999" height="25" width="9"> </td>
+ </tr></table>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="95%" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <tr>
+ <td width="15"></td>
+ <td>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ When more than two sites are to be connected, consideration must be
+ given to the topology of the connections between them.</font><p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ Frame Relay is unlikely to be cost-effective when only two sites are
+ interconnected with a point-to-point connection. Frame Relay is more
+ cost-effective where multiple sites must be interconnected.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ WANs are often interconnected as a star topology. A central site hosts
+ the primary services and is connected to each of the remote sites
+ needing access to the services.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/1.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> In this
+ hub and spoke topology the location of the hub is chosen to give the
+ lowest leased line cost. When implementing a star topology with Frame
+ Relay, each remote site has an access link to the frame relay cloud
+ with a single VC. The hub has an access link with multiple VCs, one
+ for each remote site.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/2.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> Because
+ Frame Relay tariffs are not distance related, the hub does not need to
+ be in the geographical center of the network.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ A full mesh topology is chosen when services to be accessed are
+ geographically dispersed and highly reliable access to them is
+ required.
+ With full mesh, every site is connected to every other site. Unlike
+ with leased line interconnections, this can be achieved in Frame Relay
+ without additional hardware.
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/3.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"> It is
+ necessary to configure additional VCs on the existing links to upgrade
+ from star to full mesh topology. Multiple VCs on an access
+ link will generally make better use of Frame Relay than single VCs.
+ This is
+ because they take advantage of the built-in statistical multiplexing. <img border="0" src="../../images/4.gif" align="absmiddle" width="12" height="12"></font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ For large networks, full mesh topology is seldom affordable. This is
+ because the number of links required for a full mesh topology grows at
+ almost the square of the number of sites. While there is no equipment
+ issue for Frame Relay, there is a limit of less than 1000 VCs per
+ link. In practice, the limit will be less than that, and larger
+ networks will generally be partial mesh topology. With partial mesh,
+ there are more interconnections than required for a star arrangement,
+ but not as many as for a full mesh. The actual pattern is very
+ dependant on the data flow requirements.</font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ In any Frame Relay topology, when a single interface is used to
+ interconnect multiple sites, there may be reachability issues. This is
+ due to the nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) nature of Frame Relay.
+ Split horizon is a technique used by routing protocols to prevent
+ routing loops. Split horizon does not allow routing updates to be sent
+ out the same interface that was the source of the route information.
+ This can cause problems with routing updates in a Frame Relay
+ environment where multiple PVCs are on a single physical interface. </font></p>
+ <p>
+
+ <font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">
+ Whatever the underlying topology of the physical network, a mapping is
+ needed in each FRAD or router between a data link layer Frame Relay
+ address and a network layer address, such as an IP address.
+ Essentially, the router needs to know what networks are reachable
+ beyond a particular interface. The same problem exists if an ordinary
+ leased line is connected to an interface. The difference is that the
+ remote end of a leased line is connected directly to a single router.
+ Frames from the DTE travel down a leased line as far as a network
+ switch, where they may fan out to as many as 1000 routers. The DLCI
+ for each VC must be associated with the network address of its remote
+ router. This information can be configured manually by using map
+ commands. It can also be configured automatically, taking LMI status
+ information and sending a Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
+ message on each VC identified. This process is described in more
+ detail in a separate section.</font></p>
+ <p>
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD valign="top">
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#669999" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD width="5">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/lab_toplft.gif" width="116" height="23"></TD>
+ <TD><IMG alt="" height="1" width="3" src="../../images/s.gif"></TD><TD align="right" valign="top">
+ <IMG alt="" src="../../images/corner_ur_7.gif" width="7" height="7"></TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+
+ <TABLE bgcolor="#B0AFAF" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
+ <TR>
+ <TD>
+ <TABLE width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0" bordercolor="#111111">
+ <TR>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff" width="15"> </TD>
+ <TD bgcolor="#ffffff"><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000">
+ <p><font color="#808080">
+ <img border="0" src="../../images/links_icon.gif" width="25" height="25">
+ <b>Web Links</b></font></p>
+ </font><font FACE="Arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#808080">
+
+ <p>Configuring Dynamic and Static Mapping for Multipoint Subinterfaces<p>
+ <a target="_blank" href="http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/125/17.html#17-A">
+ http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/
+ 125/ 17.html#17-A</a></font></p>
+
+ <p>
+ <IMG alt="" height="2" width="1" src="../../images/s.gif"></p>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE>
+ </TD>
+ </TR>
+ </TABLE><p>
+
+ <font face="Arial" size="2">
+ </font>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+
+</body>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/index.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82a25be --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +<html>
+
+<head>
+
+<title>Cisco Global Learning Network</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
+
+</head>
+
+<frameset cols="490,301" framespacing="0" border="0" frameborder="0" marginheight=0 marginwidth=0 topmargin=0 leftmargin=0>
+ <frameset rows="100%,48">
+ <frame name="graphics" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" src="media.html">
+ <frame name="bottom" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" src="../../navigation.html" target="contents">
+ </frameset>
+ <frameset rows="100%,48">
+ <frame name="content" scrolling="yes" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" target="_self" src="content.html">
+ <frame name="navigation" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" noresize src="buttons.html" target="self">
+ </frameset>
+
+ <noframes>
+ <body>
+
+ <p>This page uses frames, but your browser doesn't support them.</p>
+
+ </body>
+ </noframes>
+</frameset>
+
+</html>
diff --git a/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/media.html b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9c9e5d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/Bachelor/CCNA4/en_CCNA4_v30/ch5/5_1_5/media.html @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +<html>
+
+<head>
+
+
+
+<title>Flash Graphic</title>
+</head>
+
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" topmargin="1" leftmargin="1">
+<OBJECT classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000"
+ codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,0,0"
+ WIDTH="100%" HEIGHT="100%">
+ <PARAM NAME=movie VALUE="../../flash/ch05/5_1_5.swf"> <PARAM NAME=quality VALUE=high> <PARAM NAME=bgcolor VALUE=#FFFFFF>
+ <EMBED src="../../flash/ch05/5_1_5.swf" quality=high bgcolor=#FFFFFF WIDTH="100%" HEIGHT="100%" TYPE="application/x-shockwave-flash" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer"></EMBED></OBJECT>
+
+
+
+</body>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file |