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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<!-- saved from url=(0070)http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/deitelcpp/medialib/appa.html -->
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Reference Material-Operator Precedence Chart</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<META content="MSHTML 5.50.4134.600" name=GENERATOR><LINK
href="appa-Dateien/APPEN_A.css" rel=STYLESHEET></HEAD>
<BODY text=#410d9c bgColor=#ffffff>
<CENTER><FONT size=+3><B>Operator Precedence Chart</B></FONT>
<P><BR>Operators are shown in decreasing order of precedence from top to bottom.
</P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=5 cellPadding=5 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TH>
<P class=TCH><A name=pgfId=10391></A><EM class=Bold>Operator</EM> </P></TH>
<TH>
<P class=TCH><A name=pgfId=10393></A><EM class=Bold>Type</EM> </P></TH>
<TH>
<P class=TCH><A name=pgfId=10395></A><EM class=Bold>Associativity</EM>
</P></TH></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10397></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>::</EM>
</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10398></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>::</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10400></A>binary scope resolution</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10401></A>unary scope resolution</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10403></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10405></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>()<BR>[]<BR>.</EM> </P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10406></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>-></EM> </P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10407></A>++</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10408></A>--</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10409></A><B>typeid</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10410></A><B>dynamic_cast<</B><EM
class=Italic> type </EM> <B>></B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10411></A><B>static_cast<</B><EM
class=Italic> type </EM> <B>></B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10412></A><B>reinterpret_cast<</B><EM
class=Italic> type </EM> <B>></B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10413></A><B>const_cast<</B><EM
class=Italic> type </EM> <B>></B></P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10415></A>parentheses<BR>array
subscript<BR>member selection via object</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10416></A>member selection via pointer</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10417></A>unary postincrement</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10418></A>unary postdecrement</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10419></A>run-time type information</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10420></A>run-time type-checked cast</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10421></A>compile-time type-checked
cast</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10422></A>cast for non-standard
conversions</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10423></A>cast away <EM
class=Courier-Bold>const</EM>-ness</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10425></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10427></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>++<BR>--<BR>+<BR>-<BR>!<BR>~<BR>( </EM><EM
class=Italic>type</EM> <EM class=Courier-Bold>)</EM> </P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10428></A><B>sizeof</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10429></A><B>&</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10430></A><B>*</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10431></A><B>new</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10432></A><B>new[]</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10433></A><B>delete</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10434></A><B>delete[]</B></P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10436></A>unary preincrement<BR>unary
predecrement<BR>unary plus<BR>unary minus<BR>unary logical
negation<BR>unary bitwise complement<BR>C-style unary cast</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10437></A>determine size in bytes</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10438></A>address</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10439></A>dereference</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10440></A>dynamic memory allocation</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10441></A>dynamic array allocation</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10442></A>dynamic memory deallocation</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10443></A>dynamic array
deallocation</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10445></A>right to left</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10447></A><B>.*</B></P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10448></A><B>->*</B></P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10450></A>pointer to member via object
</P>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10451></A>pointer to member via
pointer</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10453></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10455></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>*<BR>/<BR>%</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A
name=pgfId=10457></A>multiplication<BR>division<BR>modulus</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10459></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10461></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>+<BR>-</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10463></A>addition<BR>subtraction</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10465></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10467></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold><<<BR>>></EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10469></A>bitwise left shift<BR>bitwise
right shift</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10471></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10473></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold><<BR><=<BR>><BR>>=</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10475></A>relational less
than<BR>relational less than or equal to<BR>relational greater
than<BR>relational greater than or equal to</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10477></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10479></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>==<BR>!=</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10481></A>relational is equal
to<BR>relational is not equal to</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10483></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10485></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>&</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10487></A>bitwise AND</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10489></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10491></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>^</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10493></A>bitwise exclusive OR </P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10495></A>left to right </P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10497></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>|</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10499></A>bitwise inclusive OR </P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10501></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10503></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>&&</EM> </P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10505></A>logical AND</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10507></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10509></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>||</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10511></A>logical OR</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10513></A>left to right</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10515></A><EM class=Courier-Bold>?:</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10517></A>ternary conditional</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10519></A>right to left</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10521></A><EM
class=Courier-Bold>=<BR>+=<BR>-=<BR>*=<BR>/=<BR>%=<BR>&=<BR>^=<BR>|=<BR><<=<BR>>>=</EM>
</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10523></A>assignment<BR>addition
assignment<BR>subtraction assignment<BR>multiplication
assignment<BR>division assignment<BR>modulus assignment<BR>bitwise AND
assignment<BR>bitwise exclusive OR assignment<BR>bitwise inclusive OR
assignment<BR>bitwise left shift assignment<BR>bitwise right shift with
sign</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10525></A>right to left</P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10527></A>,</P></TD>
<TD>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10529></A>comma</P></TD>
<TD vAlign=top>
<P class=CellBody><A name=pgfId=10531></A>left to
right</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV></DIV></CENTER></BODY></HTML>
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