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Chapter 11
Outside influence contribute to the instability of a software development process
11.1
More customers increase development load:
More customers -> Number of requirements -> System complexity -> Labor to deal with customers
\ Number of conflicting requirements -> Labor to resolve or /
accommodate conflicts
This is a nonlinear Size/Complexity Dynamic that can lead to the collpase of a cultural pattern
Customer and software organization have a two-way relationship (C -> SO: requirements, ressources; SO -> C: software)
A controller is needed to regulate flow of requirements, ressources, random events and outputs of SO
11.2
Users != customers (user: everyone affected by the system. customer: defines quality)
Marketing function reduces number of effective customers by standing between SO and customers. It filters inputs and outputs. But it can become dangerous, because it is placed near to the core of the software development system.
11.3
An increased number of customer also increases the number of interruptions of work.
E-factor=Uninterrupted Hours / Body-present Hours
Total time = Interruption time + reimmersion time (phone call: 5+15 = 20)
Meetings are even worse: more people -> number of interruptions -> wasted time (depends on avg. length of interruption)
More customers -> more meetings with more people -> more wasted time
11.4
More customers lead to more hardware configurations in production.
Number grows exponentially, so not every possible configuration can be tested, tests become more complex.
This leads to less coverage and more faults, which result in more time needed for fault repairing.
11.5
More customer result in more releases and versions used by customers, which leads to more labor
in maintaining the hole software product.
More reported faults balance the management tenendcy to increase releases cycles. So two releases per year are common
to many software organizations.
Essence:
Customers influence the demand of a certain cultural pattern in a software organization.
Reducing number of effective customers is a common strategy of software organiztions to reduce
disturbances on the software organization.
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